Your proposed theorem is totally false (somehow, I think the half-bakedness is not in Turaev's book). The ribbon structure is used, since you use both the maps $b$ and $d$; a duality on your category only gives you one of these.
EDIT:: I misreadmisunderstood what the notation Turaev's bookOP was suggesting. What This is probably true. I actually meant was that you need to the ribbon structure to be able to attach mapsdoubt anyone has bothered to the left-oriented cups and capswrite it, denoted $\cap^-$ and $\cup^-$though I could be wrong.
In $\mathrm{Rib}_{\mathcal{V}}$ we have that $(V,+) \otimes (W,+)\cong (W,+) \otimes (V,+)$ via the crossing; thus any small monoidal category with duals that contains objects $V$ and $W$ such that $V\otimes W\ncong W\otimes V$ gives a counter I suspect it's "well-example. If you want a particular one, take the strictification of f.d. representations of a KLR algebraknown.
EDIT: I slightly misread the statement of the proposed theorem above (I didn't notice the switch in order" The isotopies should just come from Turaev's statement), but it's still false. Let $F$ be the identity functor. Then $\overline{F}$ must be a functor sending $(V,+) \mapsto V$Reidemeister moves, so it sends the crossingand sliding coupons across strands, which all are indeed known to an isomorphism $V\otimes W\cong W\otimes V$be commutative diagrams in all ribbon categories.