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Sep 20, 2018 at 15:59 comment added Martin Hairer In the same vein, Cramér's theorem gives you upper and lower bounds of the type $\exp(-J(\alpha)N)$ with an explicit expression for $J$ when $k \approx \alpha N$ and $\alpha < 1/2$. Unless I messed up a quick calculation, one has $J(\alpha) = \alpha \log \alpha + (1-\alpha)\log(1-\alpha)$, but since $J(1/2) = -\log 2$ as expected, it's probably correct...
Oct 1, 2017 at 10:10 history edited Peter Heinig CC BY-SA 3.0
I did nothing else than (0) inserting some 'paragraph-characters' while checking this answer, and (1), this being my reason for editing, replacing the accidental, inconsistent lower-case $n$ with the upper-case $N$ used in the OP and in the beginning of this answer.
S Jan 1, 2017 at 16:59 history suggested AvidLearner CC BY-SA 3.0
corrected mistake in the sum, was really unclear
Jan 1, 2017 at 16:03 review Suggested edits
S Jan 1, 2017 at 16:59
Nov 11, 2015 at 7:50 history edited Alexey Ustinov CC BY-SA 3.0
edited body
Mar 27, 2010 at 17:04 comment added Gerhard Paseman When k is so close to N/2 that the above is not effective, one can then consider using 2^(N-1) - c (N choose N/2), where c = N/2 - k. Gerhard "Ask Me About System Design" Paseman, 2010.03.27
Mar 27, 2010 at 17:00 comment added Gerhard Paseman One can take this a step further. In addition to combining pairs of terms of the original sum N choose i to get a sum of terms of the form N+1 choose 2j+c, where c is always 0 or always 1, one can now take the top two or three or k terms, combine them, and use them as a base for a "psuedo-geometric" sequence with common ratio a square, cube, or kth power from the initial common ratio. This will give more accuracy at the cost of computing small sums of binomial coefficients. Gerhard "Ask Me About System Design" Paseman, 2010.03.27
Mar 6, 2010 at 8:03 comment added Gerhard Paseman Using the summation formula for Pascal's triamgle, you get a shorter geometric series approximation which may work well for k less than but not too close to N/2. This is (N+1) choose k + (N+1) choose (k-2) + ..., which has about half as many terms and ratio that is bounded from above by (k^2-k)/((N+1-k)(N+2-k)), giving [((N+1-k)(N+2-k))/((N+1-k)(N+2-k) -k^2 +k)]*[(N+1) choose k] as an uglier but hopefully tighter upper bound. Gerhard "Ask Me About System Design" Paseman, 2010.03.06
Mar 5, 2010 at 23:55 vote accept mathy
Mar 5, 2010 at 22:35 history answered Michael Lugo CC BY-SA 2.5