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It is something I have asked about before, although not very clearly.

It is something I have asked about before, although not very clearly.

Based just on $(*)$ we have that there are elements $A_1,A_2,\cdots$ uniquely defined by $I_n=\prod_{d\mid n}A_d.$ (Although we will not need it, it then follows that $I_n=\prod_{d\mid n}A_n^{\mu(n/d)}$ where $\mu$ is the classic Mobius function.)

Based just on $(*)$ we have that there are elements $A_1,A_2,\cdots$ uniquely defined by $I_n=\prod_{d\mid n}A_d.$ (Although we will not need it, it then follows that $A_n=\prod_{d\mid n}I_n^{\mu(n/d)}$ where $\mu$ is the classic Mobius function.)

If follows that $$n!=\prod_{k=1}^nk^{\lfloor n/k\rfloor}$$ and $$\binom{n}{m}=\frac{n!}{m!(n-m)!}=\prod_{k \le n}a_k^{e_{n,m,k}}$$ where the exponent $$e_{n,m,k}=\lfloor n/k \rfloor-\lfloor m/k \rfloor-\lfloor (n-m)/k \rfloor$$ Note that $0 \le e_{n,m,k} \le 1$ and $e_{n,m,k}=0$ if $k \mid m$ and $k \mid n.$

If follows that $$n!=\prod_{k=1}^na_k^{\lfloor n/k\rfloor}$$ and $$\binom{n}{m}=\frac{n!}{m!(n-m)!}=\prod_{k \le n}a_k^{e_{n,m,k}}$$ where the exponent $$e_{n,m,k}=\lfloor n/k \rfloor-\lfloor m/k \rfloor-\lfloor (n-m)/k \rfloor$$ Note that $0 \le e_{n,m,k} \le 1$ and $e_{n,m,k}=0$ if $k \mid m$ and $k \mid n.$