By a quick search after reading your first paragraph:
In the rectangle from (0,0)$(0,0)$ to (56,63)$(56,63)$, the point (20,48)$(20,48)$ is at integer distances from all the corners. Going clockwise from the origin, the distances are 52$52, 25, 39$, 25and $60$.
Edit. Corresponding Pythagorean triples (in the same order) are $20^2+48^2=52^2$, 39 $20^2+15^2=25^2$, $36^2+15^2=39^2$, and 60$36^2+48^2=60^2$.