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Feb 8, 2010 at 13:52 comment added Emerton Dear Olivier, Thanks! I began to wonder about this after I posted my comment.
Feb 8, 2010 at 7:45 comment added Olivier Perhaps Serre was the first to formulate it in print, but I heard him say several times that it was an idea of Weil.
Feb 8, 2010 at 5:17 comment added Emerton Indeed, the connection between the Weil conjectures (and in particular the Riemann hypothesis, the proof of which is the work of Deligne being referred to) and Ramanujan's conjecture was only made some time after both conjectures were formulated (by Serre, I believe).
Feb 8, 2010 at 5:14 comment added Emerton Deligne's work was about counting solutions to equations over finite fields. Ramanujan's conjecture was about bounding the absolute values of the Fourier coefficients of a certain complex analytically defined function. How is the connection possibly tautological?
Feb 8, 2010 at 5:05 comment added Emerton Although he came pretty close!
Feb 8, 2010 at 4:50 comment added S. Carnahan Riemann did not prove the prime number theorem.
Feb 8, 2010 at 1:00 comment added Feb7 Since the OP wants examples specific to additive number theory, I mention the Hardy-Littlewood circle method, which is certainly surprising.
Feb 8, 2010 at 0:25 comment added Feb7 "Algebraic geometry" is the subject in the book of Griffiths and Harris, before it was reshaped later into the form we see. Most of it was achieved due to Andre Weil's insight and great work.
Feb 8, 2010 at 0:23 comment added Ryan Budney To me it seems tautological that algebraic geometry should apply to number theory.
Feb 8, 2010 at 0:16 comment added Feb7 Or, Riemann's use of complex variables to prove the Prime number theorem.
Feb 8, 2010 at 0:12 history answered Feb7 CC BY-SA 2.5