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Jul 15, 2013 at 6:56 comment added Mariano Suárez-Álvarez @AaronMeyerowitz, I actually did not write exactly what I meant: the theorem A-L prove is that a non-zero identity of minimal degree is homogeneous and equal (up to a scalar) to the standard one if either $n>2$ or the field has more than two elements (they show that there exist identitie of minimal degree which are not homogeneous in the two exceptional cases: in $M_1(\mathbb F_2)$ one can take $x^2-x$, for example)
Jul 13, 2013 at 13:21 comment added Idanps I am sorry if I miss something trivial, being an outsider to this area: How can I use the Amitsur-Levitzky theorem to bound the "lower degree" of a non-homogeneous polynomial identity?
Jul 13, 2013 at 11:57 comment added Benjamin Steinberg No for both at once by Mariano's comment.
Jul 13, 2013 at 5:39 comment added Idanps Thank you for your answer, David. My question is however if there exists a polynomial satisfying both 1) and 2).
Jul 12, 2013 at 23:12 history edited David E Speyer CC BY-SA 3.0
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Jul 12, 2013 at 22:04 comment added Benjamin Steinberg The answer is CW so please edit and fix.
Jul 12, 2013 at 20:45 comment added Aaron Meyerowitz This standard polynomial does not use the field. It holds for any $2n$ $n \times n$ matrices with symbolic entries.
Jul 12, 2013 at 20:32 history made wiki Post Made Community Wiki by Benjamin Steinberg
Jul 12, 2013 at 19:32 comment added Mariano Suárez-Álvarez The smallest degree of a homogeneous polynomial identity on $n\times n$ matrices is $2n$ if $n>2$ or $p$ is odd, according to Amitsur and Levitzky.
Jul 12, 2013 at 18:56 history answered Benjamin Steinberg CC BY-SA 3.0