Sylow $2$-subgroups of the symmetric group $S_n$ of degree $n$ are rational. There was a longstanding conjecture on rational groups saying that Sylow $2$-subgroups of a rational group are also rational. This has been refuted by I. M. IssacsIsaacs and G. Navarro in [Sylow 2-subgroups of rational solvable groups, Mathematische Zeitschrift, December 2012, Volume 272, Issue 3-4, pp 937-945.]