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Jun 20, 2013 at 13:54 comment added Nick Gill The existence of $\varphi$ is just standard rep theory. Perhaps it would be more transparent if you took $k$ to be a field of characteristic $r$ where $r$ does not divide the order of $G$, your simple group. Then $G$ is trivially a $C_{pp}$-group and the representation theory of $G$ over $k$ is ``the same" as representation over $\mathbb{C}$, so you can just consult character tables for $G$ to get irreducible representations of the type I've described.
Jun 20, 2013 at 12:53 comment added BHZ Thanks for your answer, but why $\varphi$ exists
Jun 20, 2013 at 12:24 history edited Nick Gill CC BY-SA 3.0
Removed remark and added example with $G$ simple.
Jun 20, 2013 at 12:18 comment added Nick Gill I'll remove the remark and add an example with $G$ simple.
Jun 20, 2013 at 12:15 comment added Nick Gill I've just realised that my "remark" was somewhat misguided - you are talking about the centralizer in $G$, not in $SL_n(q)$, thus my concerns about $Z(SL_n(q))$ don't really make any difference, sorry. And this allows me to assert a different counter-example to your original question, namely by taking $G$ to be a Sylow $p$-subgroup of $SL_n(q)$.
Jun 20, 2013 at 10:28 comment added BHZ Dear Nick Thanks for your answers. Let me state our question in a different manner. Let $G$ be a subgroup of $PSL(n,q)$ such that $G$ is not a subgroup of $PSL(n-1,q)$, where $q=p^\alpha$. If $G$ is a simple group and also is a $C_{pp}$ group with this condition that $p$ divides the order of $G$, can we say that there exists a primitive prime divisor $r$ of $q^n-1$ or $q^{n-1}-1$ such that $r$ divides $|G|$? Now we use the same definition of $C_{pp}$ as usual. Thanks
Jun 20, 2013 at 8:29 comment added Nick Gill @BHZ Before I could give an answer I'd need you to address the issues in my "remark" above. Because if the centre of $SL_n(q)$ is non-trivial, there will be NO $C_{pp}$-groups according to your definition, and so the answer will be trivially YES. If we use the definition that I proposed in the remark, then things become more tricky.
Jun 20, 2013 at 6:28 comment added BHZ Dear Nick Thank you very much for your complete and useful answer. Is it still true if $p$ divides the order of $G$?
Jun 20, 2013 at 6:26 vote accept BHZ
Jun 19, 2013 at 9:30 history edited Nick Gill CC BY-SA 3.0
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Jun 19, 2013 at 9:18 history edited Nick Gill CC BY-SA 3.0
Added some extras.; added 24 characters in body; added 22 characters in body; added 50 characters in body; deleted 20 characters in body
Jun 19, 2013 at 9:12 history edited Nick Gill CC BY-SA 3.0
Corrected answer to deal with small $n$; deleted 41 characters in body
Jun 19, 2013 at 8:55 history answered Nick Gill CC BY-SA 3.0