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May 22, 2013 at 6:49 vote accept Oliver Thistlethwaite
May 19, 2013 at 16:18 answer added Jim Humphreys timeline score: 25
May 19, 2013 at 8:45 comment added Dietrich Burde The roots are "affine linear functions" on the "affine linear Euclidean" space. Here is a thesis with emphasis on the "affine aspect":science.uva.nl/onderwijs/thesis/centraal/files/f91068273.pdf
May 19, 2013 at 4:42 comment added solbap Another possibility is that the roots of an affine Lie algebra can be identified with affine linear forms on the Lie algebra of a Cartan subalgebra of the corresponding finite dimensional semisimple Lie algebra. See e.g. pg 71-72 of Loop Groups by Pressley, Segal.
May 19, 2013 at 1:22 comment added John Baez That's what I thought too. I wouldn't be surprised if 'affine Coxeter diagrams' or 'affine Dynkin diagrams' were well-known long before people seriously started studying the corresponding Lie algebras.
May 19, 2013 at 0:29 comment added Noam D. Elkies I always assumed it was because they correspond to affine reflection groups in the way that finite-dimensional semisimple algebras correspond to spherical (Euclidean) reflection groups.
May 19, 2013 at 0:24 history asked Oliver Thistlethwaite CC BY-SA 3.0