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Apr 11, 2013 at 8:19 vote accept Anton Klyachko
Apr 11, 2013 at 8:19 comment added Anton Klyachko Matthieu, the solution goes as follows: Ilya showed that the sum in question vanishes for sufficiently small $k$; then ya-tayr showed that if the sum vanishes for all sufficiently large $k$, than it vanishes always; when these bounds have met, "we're done!". This is all right, but honestly I hoped for a simpler solution. ---- Thanks, ya-tayr, Ilya, Will, and everybody involved!
Apr 10, 2013 at 12:50 comment added Matthieu Romagny If "we're done" then could someone sum things up, please? I'm a bit lost.
Apr 9, 2013 at 17:30 comment added Will Sawin It's $\prod_{k=1}^p(x^{p^k}−x)$, I guess, whose degree is $(p^{p+1}−1)/(p−1)$. So I think we're done!
Apr 9, 2013 at 17:24 history edited ya-tayr CC BY-SA 3.0
added 537 characters in body; added 9 characters in body
Apr 9, 2013 at 7:01 comment added Anton Klyachko ... and it is easy to find the LCM of all unitary polynomials of degree $p$.
Apr 9, 2013 at 6:45 comment added Anton Klyachko ya-tayr, Ilya, I am not sure I understand. Should "determinant of $A$" read "determinant of $I-Ax$"? If so, there are exactly $p^{p-1}$ different denominators: they are just polynonomials reciprocal to characteristic polynomials of all matrices (= all unitary polynomials of degree $p$).
Apr 9, 2013 at 5:42 comment added ya-tayr Oh! -
Apr 9, 2013 at 4:50 comment added Ilya Bogdanov The approach is interesting. But it seems that you think there are $p^3$ matrices; in fact, there are $p^{p^2}$ of them. But you do not need so much, since there are less than $p^p$ distinct denominators (all costant terms are ones). This gives the estimate of about $2p^{p+1}$ coefficients to check. Unfortunately, now we have a half of this amount.
Apr 8, 2013 at 23:50 history answered ya-tayr CC BY-SA 3.0