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Feb 18, 2013 at 21:01 comment added Jérémy Blanc @ Shripad, yes I see that torus can be complicated in general over Q (more than over R); I just meant that in GL2 we can have an explicit description (given above in the answer of Will). Thx anyway for your answers.
Feb 18, 2013 at 6:59 comment added Shripad Thanks Will, your comment elaborates my answer very well. Jeremy, by complicated for $\mathbb{Q}$ I meant only in comparison with the case over $\mathbb{R}$.
Feb 17, 2013 at 0:46 comment added Jérémy Blanc Ok, thx. It seems thus that 2-dim tori are either diagonalisable or of the form [a,muc,c,a] with a,c \in k^{}. And 1-dimensional tori can be found in a similar way.
Feb 16, 2013 at 15:44 comment added Will Sawin You can do this via the explicit description of all quadratic characters of $GL_2(\mathbb Q)$ coming from Kummer theory (or class field theory). In particular, every quadratic character trivializes over $\mathbb Q(\sqrt{D})$ for some $D$, and the corresponding torus is the group of determinant $1$ matrices that preserve the quadratic form $x^2-Dy^2$, as was first pointed out by Robert Bryant.
Feb 16, 2013 at 11:00 comment added Jérémy Blanc Thanks for the comment. I would like to use the fact that I am restricted to GL2 to really have all tori. For example, over $\mathbb{Q}$ the results should not be so complicated.
Feb 16, 2013 at 7:23 history answered Shripad CC BY-SA 3.0