Theorem: Every bounded differential function $f\colon \mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ is constant.

Proof. By assumption there exist real numbers $M,N$ such that
$$N\leq f(x) \leq M.$$ Taking derivatives we get $$0\leq f'(x)\leq 0.$$ Hence $f'(x)=0$ so $f$ is constant. QED

Theorem: Every bounded differentiable function $f\colon \mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ is constant.

Proof. By assumption there exist real numbers $M,N$ such that
$$N\leq f(x) \leq M.$$ Taking derivatives we get $$0\leq f'(x)\leq 0.$$ Hence $f'(x)=0$ so $f$ is constant. QED