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If your homology theory is of the form $H_n(X) = H_n(S(X)) $ where $S$ is some functor from your original category to non-negative chain complexes, then the Dold-Kan correspondence gives you a corresponding simplicial abelian group $\Gamma(S(X)) $ and hence (by realization) a topological space in which you are "counting holes".

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If your homology theory is of the form $H_n(X) = H_n(S(X))$ H_n(S(X)) $ where $S$ is some functor from your original category to non-negative chain complexes, then the Dold-Kan correspondence gives you a corresponding simplicial abelian group $\Gamma(S(X))$ \Gamma(S(X)) $ and hence (by realization) a topological space in which you are "counting holes".

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If your homology theory is of the form $H_n(X) = H_n(S(X))$ where $S$ is some functor from your original category to non-negative chain complexes, then the Dold-Kan correspondence gives you a corresponding simplicial abelian group $\Gamma(S(X))$ and hence (by realization) a topological space in which you are "counting holes".