Try to replace a structure on an object with a map to a clasifying object.
E.g., replace a cohomology class of a space with a map to an Eilenberg-Mclane Eilenberg-MacLane space. Replace a vector/general bundle on a manifold with a map to the Grassmanian/other classifying space.
There must also be plenty of examples outside algebraic topology, though this technique seems to be most popular there...

