Your alleged inequality is the "well-known" Carleman's inequality, for which it is known that $C=e$ is the best constant.
There are several interesting generalizations to this basic inequality; the wikipedia page lists some. Also, one proof of this inequality follows directly from Hardy's inequality.
EDIT. You might also enjoy the survey: Carleman's inequality: history and new generalizations by J. Pečarić (Aequationes Mathematicae, Volume 61, Numbers 1-2, 49-62)

