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The variety (in the sense of universal algebra) of Boolean algebras, for example, has the property that finitely generated free algebra algebras have finite cardinality; in that case specifically $|F_n|=2^{2^n}$, in the obvious notation.

Can one usefully characterize varieties whose finitely generated free algebras have finite cardinality?

Can one characterize natural number sequences arising as $|F_n|$ in association with such varieties?

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When finitely generated free algebras are free...finite

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When finitely generated free algebras are free...

The variety (in the sense of universal algebra) of Boolean algebras, for example, has the property that finitely generated free algebra have finite cardinality; in that case specifically $|F_n|=2^{2^n}$, in the obvious notation.

Can one usefully characterize varieties whose finitely generated free algebras have finite cardinality?

Can one characterize natural number sequences arising as $|F_n|$ in association with such varieties?