[Meta-answer] I believe that the answers already posted to this question lead to a fairly obvious conclusion: other than the 'obvious' domain-specific languages for mathematics, all of which are used (whether the task is computation, typesetting or proof), mathematicians are not 'special' with regards to programming and, as a community, use pretty much the same languages as other communities. The distribution might be somewhat different (i.e. mathematicians might be more daring than average), but probably not that different.
What would be an interesting counter-point is to understand which percentage of mathematicians program.
