"A new and compendious system of practical arithmetick", by William Pardon in 1738, contains the passage:
"...
Here if the first *Series* Series or Set of *Numbers* Numbers increases by 1, and the second decreases by 1; the third increases by 2, ..."
..
The emphasis is in the original, so that it is not set that is being described. So in 1738, it's meaning was already taken for granted.

