show/hide this revision's text 2 Edited in line with Tom Goodwillie's comment.

Elementary but still useful is the regular value theorem or the submersion theorem:

Let $f \colon M \to N$ be smooth and $n \in N$. If $T(f)_m \colon T_m M \to T_{f(m)} N $ is onto for all $m \in f^{-1}(n)$ then $f^{-1}(n) \subset M$ is a submanifold of dimension $\text{dim}(N) - \text{dim}(M)$ or empty. text{dim}(M)$.

show/hide this revision's text 1 [made Community Wiki]

Elementary but still useful is the regular value theorem or the submersion theorem:

Let $f \colon M \to N$ be smooth and $n \in N$. If $T(f)_m \colon T_m M \to T_{f(m)} N $ is onto for all $m \in f^{-1}(n)$ then $f^{-1}(n) \subset M$ is a submanifold of dimension $\text{dim}(N) - \text{dim}(M)$ or empty.