x is in the triangle. Draw segments that connect x to each vertex and segments perpendicular to each side from x. Then, starting from the nearest perpendicular segment, measure the angle formed by your vector and call it $\theta$. Note the length of the perpendicular, call it R. Then the distance, from x to the side in the direction of the vector, is: $R \sec (\theta)$.
x is in the triangle. Draw segments that connect x to each vertex and segments perpendicular to each side from x. Then, starting from the nearest perpendicular segment measure the angle formed by your vector and call it $\theta$. Note the length of the perpendicular, call it R. Then the distance, from x to the side in the direction of the vector, is: $R \sec (\theta)$.
x is in the triangle. Draw segments that connect x to each vertex and segments perpendicular to each side from x. Then, starting from the nearest perpendicular segment measure the angle formed by your vector and call it $\theta$. Note the length of the perpendicular, call it R. Then the distance is: $R \sec (\theta)$.