# All Questions

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### Chern-Simons form and Rarita-Schwinger operator

The Rarita-Schwinger (RS) operator naturally generalizes the Dirac operator and in Physics it describes particles with spin-3/2. I was wondering if there exists any reference concerning the ...
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### Ergodic, non-atomic measure on the circle which are $\times 2$ and $\times \frac12$ invariant

There any many ergodic, $T$-invariant, non-atomic measures on the space $X = [0,1)$, where $Tx = 2x \pmod 1$ is the doubling map. My question is: are any such measures also $T^{-1}$-invariant? BYO ...
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### $\int_{\mathbb{R}\setminus\left[-1,1\right]}\hat{f}^{2}\left(\xi\right)\left(\xi^{2}-1\right)d\xi$

Assume that $\hat{f}\in L^2(\mathbb{R})$, how can we compute this integral $$\int_{\mathbb{R}\setminus\left[-1,1\right]}\hat{f}^{2}\left(\xi\right)\left(\xi^{2}-1\right)d\xi$$ where $\hat{f}$ is ...
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### How to write $\mathbb{C}[G/U_-]=\oplus_{\lambda} V_{\lambda}$ explicitly?

Let $G=GL_n$ and $U_-$ the set of all lower unipotent triangular matrices. Then by Gauss Decomposition, we have $G = U_-B$, where $B$ is the set of all upper triangular matrices. The group $U_-$ acts ...
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### Free cocompact action of discrete group gives a covering map [migrated]

I'd like to find a short proof of the following seemingly basic fact encountered on the second page of Atiyah's paper "Elliptic operators, discrete groups, and von Neumann algebras." ...
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### Rotation invariance of an integral

Consider the integral depending on 2 parameters $$f(\tau,x):=\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}\frac{dp}{\sqrt{p^2+1}}e^{-\sqrt{p^2+1}\tau+ipx},$$ where $\tau >0,x\in \mathbb{R}$. This integral absolutely ...
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### When does a CAT(0) group contain a rank one isometry

Let $G$ be a CAT(0) group which acts on the CAT(0) space $X$ properly and cocompactly via isometry. Let $g \in G$ be a hyperbolic isometry of $X$. Then $g$ is called $\textbf{rank one}$ if no axis of ...
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### Upper bound on the norm of the inverse of matrices with zero limit

Posted here too, with no answer yet: http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1766281/upper-bound-on-the-norm-of-the-inverse-of-matrices-with-zero-limit Let $\{L(\sigma)\}_{\sigma}$ be a family of ...
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### Rationality of a certain real algebraic variety

Let $A_n$ denote the vector space of $n\times n$ antisymmetric matrices over ${\mathbb{Q}}$, where $n$ is even. Let $A_n^*\subset A_n$ denote the affine ${\mathbb{Q}}$-subvariety of invertible ...
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### Example of a Schur-nontrivial group with no abelian subgroup of the form $H\times H$?

A group $G$ is Schur-nontrivial if the Schur multipler $H^2(G,U(1))$ is not the trivial group. I am trying to find an example of a Schur-nontrivial group which does not contain a subgroup of the form ...
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### What is the ring of integers in $\mathbb Q^c\otimes_K K_\mathfrak p$?

Let $K$ be a number field with ring of integers $\mathcal O_K$ and $\mathfrak p$ a prime of $K$. Let $\mathbb Q^c$ be the algebraic closure of $\mathbb Q$ in $\mathbb C$. If $L$ is a number field ...
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### Defining a function on a subset but it's domain is the whole set [on hold]

Under what conditions would it be acceptable to define a function only on a subset of it's domain? Let $\{\mathbf{u}_1,\mathbf{u}_2\}$ be a basis for $\mathbb{R}^2=\mathbb{R}_1\times\mathbb{R}_2$ (in ...
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### What is the group of automorphisms of $l^{\infty}$?

What is the group of automorphisms of $l^{\infty}$? I think it would be the permutations of the integers. Is this right?
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### Auslander-Reiten-Quivers of representation-finite algebras having different 3-dimensional forms

I am looking for references, where I can find (pictures of) connected Auslander-Reiten-Quivers of representation-finite $k$-algebras ($k$ is a (preferably, but not necessarily finite) field) with one ...
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### Average size of $p$-part of the Tate-Shafarevich group for elliptic curves

Let $E/\mathbb{Q}$ be an elliptic curve defined over $\mathbb{Q}$. For a given prime $p$, the $p$-Selmer group $\operatorname{Sel}_p(E)$ of $E$ and the $p$-part of the Tate-Shafarevich $Ш_E[p]$ group ...
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### Time-Energy Uncertainty Relation in relativistic Quantum Mechanics

There is an old intriguing result in non-relativistic QM, stating (roughly) that there is an Heisenberg Time-Energy Uncertainty Relation. Unfortunately, in QM time is not an operator like space, ...
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### Upper Bound for the Difference of Even Probability and Odd Probability in Hypergeometric Distribution

Let $X$ be a random variable following the hypergeometric distribution with parameters $N,K,n$, where $$Pr(X=k) = \frac{\binom{K}{k}\binom{N-K}{n-k}}{\binom{N}{n}}.$$ To ...
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### What is the densest bipartite graph with unique Hamiltonian cycle?

In a prior post regarding perfect matching, it was stated that the densest graph with a perfect matching cannot have more than $n^2$ edges, if graph has $2n$ vertices. Analogously, what is the ...
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### What explains the asymptotic and the pattern in this sequence related to Riemann zeta zeros?

As the starting point for my experiment I assumed that the imaginary parts of the Riemann zeta zeros are of the form: $$\Im \{ \rho_n \} = \frac{2\pi}{\log x_n}$$ where $x_n$ is unknown. Therefore I ...
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I'm currently working on my PhD thesis. I have several suggested problems to work on, some of them are very similar to some problems that my advisor have worked before and published already, either in ...
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### Intuition for density comonad in relation to lifting problems

In Emily Riehl's Categorical Homotopy Theory, there is a section on Garner's Small Object Argument which I'm trying and failing to understand. Originally I followed most of Garner's paper, using the ...
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### Functions of form $f(z)/f(z^*)$

I am doing my research in mathematical physics, and in the process I am getting functions of complex variable $z$ of form $F(z) = \frac{f(z)}{f(z^*)}$ In my case $f$ doesn't have any interesting ...
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### Complex Stone-Weierstrass Type problem

I have come across this problem which resembles complex Stone-Weierstrass theorem except for a problem that the conjugate of the functions are not necessarily in the sub algebra. Suppose $\Omega$ is ...
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### Definition of discrete spectrum and continuous and basic properties

I apologize if this is too basic for MO. I have an embarrassing admission to make: I don't know the actual definition of the discrete/continuous spectrum of a reductive group $G/\mathbb{Q}$ (in the ...
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### Two notions of bundle of C* algebras

One can find in the literature two notions of $C^*$-algebra over a topological space $X$. The first is as the data of an open surjection $\pi: B \rightarrow X$ together with the structure of a ...
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### First Chern class and second Chern class in Quantizable Kaehler manifolds

Assume that $(X,\omega)$ is a K\"ahler manifold and $L\to X$ be a pre-quantum line bundle, then is there any relation between first Chern class and second chern class?
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### Weak formulation of a nonlinear problem with test functions in a dense subspace of $H_0^1$

Let $\Omega\subset \mathbb R^{d=3}$ is a bounded and Lipschitz domain. Let $u\in H_g^1(\Omega)$ satisfy the weak formulation a(u,v)+\int\limits_{\Omega}{f(u)vdx}=0,\,\forall v\in H_0^1(\Omega)\cap ...
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### “Spatial (geometrical)” realization of Elementary topos?

It is well known that (Grothendieck) Topos (in fact, Model topos too) has many good geometrical properties. In many senses reflects general forms of generic geometry. Note: Grothendieck view of Topos ...
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### what is the universal cover of GL(2,R)?

In the theory of Bridgeland stability conditions one has an action of the universal cover $G'$ of $G = GL^+(2,\mathbb R)$. What is G'? I know there is concrete description in terms of pairs ...
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### Probability theory without deductive closure

Human knowledge is not deductively closed. Uncertainty can arise from that just as much as from lack of brute facts. (When a Harvard graduate was reported to have thought that the earth is farther ...
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### Two point function of a free scalar field in Euclidean space-time

This question was previously asked here http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/251927/two-point-function-of-a-free-massless-scalar-field-in-euclidean-space-time though I did not get there an ...
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### How much of modern algebraic geometry is there in modern complex(algebraic, analytic, differential) geometry?

Good day to you, people of mathoverflow. I'll get to the point. I wonder how much of modern(abstract) algebraic geometry is there in modern complex geometry? What do I mean by complex geometry? ...
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### K theory for pre $C^*$-algebras

In noncommutative geometry when one want to go to the differentiable level, one is forced to work with algebras which are no longer $C^*$. It is nice if we don't loose much information by the ...
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### Does a $W^*$ envelope exist?

I know that an operator algebra $A$ has a "minimal" $C^*$-algebra $C$ containing $A$, which is known as the $C^*$ envelope of $A$. The existence of such a minimal $C^*$-algebra generated by $A$ (a ...
### $p$-adic Dirac measure as a weak limit
The standard Dirac delta is a generalised function (or measure, or distribution...) $\delta(x)$ which can be seen as a weak limit functions $\delta_n(x)$ spiked at the the origin, in the sense that: ...