# All Questions

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### Estimating the shift in the spectral radius of a matrix under a diagonal perturbation

Given a matrix $A$ and a diagonal matrix $D$, what ways do we have to estimate, $\lambda_{max}(A+D) - \lambda_{max}(A)$? (Feel free to make other assumptions about the matrices that they are all ...
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### largest subgroup of $Out(\hat{F_2})$ which preserves the Nielsen invariant

Let $x,y$ be generators for the free group $F_2$. It's known that $Aut(F_2)$, and hence $Out(F_2)$ preserves the conjugacy class of the subgroup $\langle[x,y]\rangle$ generated by $[x,y]$ (This ...
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### Advanced Differential Geometry Textbook

I tried this post on StackExchange with no luck. Hopefully the experts at MathOverflow can help. In algebraic topology there are two canonical "advanced" textbooks that go quite far beyond the usual ...
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### Intercahging the tensor product with infinite product

Let $R$ be a $k$-algebra (non necessary commutative) and let $\mathbf{D}(R)$ be its derived category (right modules). I'm interested on the class of objects $V$ of $\mathbf{D}(R^{op})$ having the ...
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### Is $\mathbb{R}^3 \setminus \mathbb{Q}^3$ simply connected?

Similarly is the complement of any countable set in $\mathbb{R}^3$ simply connected? Reading around I found plenty of articles discussing the path connectedness $\mathbb{R}^2 \setminus \mathbb{Q}^2$ ...
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### Statements which are logically equivalent with P vs. NP

$P$ vs. $NP$ is the open problem which asks, roughly, whether every statement whose solution can be quickly verified by a turing machine with efficient bounds can also be quickly solved by a turing ...
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### Does an element in the center of universal enveloping algebra becomes a scalar in irreducible representations?

I'm asking a question about Lie group representation. Let $G$ be a Lie group, not necessarily connected. Let $\Omega$ be an element in the center of the universal enveloping algebra $U(\mathfrak{g})$ ...
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### Any polynomial-time algorithm for hypergraph bisection? [on hold]

I work with hypergraph partitioning. I want to divide a complete weighted hypergraph into 2 parts using cut-net metric, a sum of all edges cut, and connectivity metric. Is there a polynomial-time ...
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### Pointfree probability theory

I must confess I hardly know anything about probability theory. Still, I'm interested in the following: Much like pointfree topology, where one basically replaces topological spaces by their locales ...
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### A finite group with O_{p}(G)=1

Let $G$ be a finite group of order $p(p^2-1)/2$, where $p$ is prime number. If $O_{p}(G)=1$, then what is the number of Sylow $p$-subgroups G?
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### Notation: $Sigma$ and $Pi$ of intersections

In Jech - Set Theory, the proof of Theorem 31.7, I came along some notations I wish to understand correctly. For a countable elementary substructure $M \prec H_\lambda$ and $A \in M$ and a generic ...
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### Algorithm for 2-coloring classes of 3-uniform hypergraphs

Hi all and thanks in advance for your efforts. I'm interested in 2-coloring 3-uniform hypergraphs. I know that in general, the problem of deciding if a 3-uniform hypergraph is 2-colorable is ...
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### What characteristic of a graph depend on the vertex labeling?

Different labeling on a graph produces class of isomorphic graphs. Two isomorphic graphs possess similar characteristic such as connectivity, degree distribution of vertices, equality of spectrum and ...
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### Estimate $\sup_n\left|\int_0^1 \left(1-e^{i\alpha_n x}\right) f(x)d\mu(x)\right|$

Let $\mu$ be a singular Borel probability measure on $[0, 1)$, and $f\in L^2(\mu)$. Estimate $$\sup_n\left|\int_0^1 \left(1-e^{i\alpha_n x}\right) f(x)d\mu(x)\right|$$ where $\alpha_n\in\mathbb R$ and ...
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### About perturbation of spectral radius of a matrix because of diagonal perturbations

Say I have an off-diagonal symmetric $0,1,-1$ matrix $B$ and a set of $2k$ diagonal matrices, $D_{11}, D_{12}, D_{21}, D_{22},..,D_{k1},D_{k2}$. (you can assume the diagonal matrices to be such that ...
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### cup product and Steenrod operations in Serre spectral sequence

Let $F\to E\to B$ be a fibration with $B$ simply-connected. Suppose all differentials in the cohomology Serre spectral sequence (corresponding to the above fibration) are zero maps. Then as a graded ...
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### Function that outputs only 1 or 0 depending on sign of variable? [on hold]

Is there a single variable (preferably simple) function which equals 0 for any positive input and 1 for any negative input, or vice versa?
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### A question on Ramanujan's $1/\pi$ formulas

It is known that Ramanujan discovered a number of formulas fo $1/\pi$. All of these formulas are of the form $$\frac{1}{\pi}=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{(1/2)_n(s)_n(1-s)_n}{(1)_n^3}(a+bn)z^n,$$where ...
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### definition of “immersion” of schemes (without open or closed)

On Prop. 1.7 (a) on page 5 of Milne's Etale Cohomology book states: Any immersion is quasi-finite. A google search turned up definitions for "open immersion" and "closed immersion", never just ...
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### Prove $R$ is a finite ring [on hold]

Suppose that $R$ is a ring and $D(R)$ is the set of all elements $x\in R$ such that there exist $b,c\neq 0$ with $xb=cx=0$. Prove that if $1<|D(R)|<\infty$ then $|R|<\infty$. ($|S|<\infty$ ...
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### The structure map of topological K-theory

This may be a silly question but I don't know the answer. I know the construction of (equivariant) K-spectrum $KU_G$ and the periodicity of (equivariant) K-theory. But I don't know its structure maps ...
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### Rank of the Jacobian of a family of hyperelliptic curves of genus 2

Assume tha $C$ be the hyperelliptic curve $y^2 = (x-a_1)\cdots (x-a_5)$ of genus $g=2$ and $a_i \in \mathbb{Z}$ and we know that the integers $a_i$ has the form $a_i= d_1^2 - d_i^2$ for some positive ...
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### Does $\mathbb Z \times \mathbb Z$ mod the obvious $\mathbb Z$ action have more structure than just a set?

$\mathbb Z$ acts on the lattice $\mathbb Z \times \mathbb Z$ by adding an element to itself n times. I am studying some function arising from symplectic geometry which happens in my case to be ...
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### Basic question about discrete minimal surfaces

Let $P$ be a convex polygon with $n > 3$ vertices $v_1, \ldots, v_n \in \mathbb{R}^2$, let $x$ be a point in the interior of $P$, and let $u$ be a function with prescribed values at the vertices of ...
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### Tangent space of Hilbert scheme

We have the following theorem: Let $X$ be a projective scheme over an algebraically closed field $k$, and $Y \subset X$ a closed subscheme with Hilbert polynomial $P$. ThenT_{[Y]}\text{Hilb}_P (X) ...
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### Avoiding the range of a bivariate integer function or Diophantine function

I have a bivariate integer function $f(x,y)=5+23x+7y+30xy$ where $x,y \geq 0$ and are integers. The lattice points of this function, or its range contain a large number of values. I'm trying to see if ...
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### Automorphism group of the affine groups AGL(n,q), ASL(n,q)

I have a question. The automorphism group of the linear groups $GL(n,q)$, the group of linear transformations of $V = \mathbb{F}_q^n$, and $SL(n,q)$, the subgroup of $GL(n,q)$ consisting of elements ...
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### How do mathematicians find the underlying idea? [on hold]

While reading through the lecture notes here (http://www.math.ucla.edu/~tao/resource/general/131ah.1.03w/week2.pdf , page 22, last paragraph), I came across the following " Thus there must be some ...
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### Trivial zeroes of the Riemann Zeta function are simple

The trivial zeroes of the Riemann Zeta function are located on $-2\mathbb N^*$ and they are simple. It is not difficult to see that, but the proof I have in mind is using the fact that ...
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### Number of linearly bisected subsets in finite vector space $F_2^n$

We consider the $n$-dimenstional finite vector space $\mathbb{F}_2^{n}$ over the finite field of two elements. For a subset $A\subseteq \mathbb{F}_2^{n}$ of even size $|A|=2m$ and a linear form ...
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### Bounding Expected Value of a piecewise function [on hold]

Let X and Y to be two independent random variables with known pdfs. Get a bound for the expected value of the following expression in terms of $E[X]$, $E[Y]$, VAR[X] and VAR[Y]: ...
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### Changing the sign in the definition of the cocommutator of a coboundary Lie bialgebra

A Lie bialgebra is a Lie algebra additionally equipped with a 1-cocycle $\delta: {\mathfrak g}\to \Lambda^2 {\mathfrak g}$ that satisfies the co-Jacobi identity. Non-trivial Lie bialgebras can be ...
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### What are the restrictions in the ramification behavior of a Galois extension of number fields imposed by the Galois group of the extension?

Studying class field theory, I have come across the following Proposition: Proposition. Let $K/E$ be an extension of number fields so that there is no nontrivial unramified subextension $F/E$ with ...
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### A compact Alexandrov space with curvature bounded below has curvature bouneded above?

For a compact Riemannian manifold, Since the curvature tensor is continuous, we know that the sectional curvature is bounded, i.e. bounded above and below. Now let $M$ be a compact Alexandrov space ...
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### Understanding Segal's definition of conformal field theory

I have a fundamental problem in understanding Segal's definition of a conformal field theory: On the one hand his monoidal CFT-functor is a formalization of the fact that, physically, the integrand ...
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### $Ext$-algebra generated by $Hom$ and $Ext^1$ as $A_\infty$-algebra?

In [Keller: A-infinity algebras in representation theory, Proposition 1(b)], Keller states that for an associative algebra the $Ext$-algebra of the simples is generated by $Ext^1(S,S)$ as an ...
Let $G$ be a finite group. Assume $G$ acts on finite abelian module $M$ such that $(|G|,|M|)=1$. Question: Why $H^i(G,M) = 0$ for $i > 0$? Pierre MATSUMI