Questions tagged [regularization]

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Laplace transform

\begin{equation} \begin{cases}\mathbb{D}_t^\beta u(x, y, t)=-a(x)\left(u_x(x, y, t)+u_y(x, y, t)\right)+\ell(x, y, t, u(x, y, t)), & x>0, y>0, t>0 \\ u(x, y, 0)=0, & x>0, y>0 \\ ...
TUHOATAI's user avatar
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1 answer
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Derivative of Moreau envelope in Hilbert space with respect to regularization parameter $\lambda$ using Hopf-Lax formula?

Let $\mathcal H$ be a Hilbert space, $f \colon \mathcal H \to (- \infty, \infty]$ a proper, convex, lower semi-continuous function and $\lambda > 0$. The $\lambda$-Moreau envelope of $f$ is $$ f_{\...
ViktorStein's user avatar
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$\log\det$ asymptotics of a skew-circulant matrix with additive diagonal bimodal disorder

I'd like to share a problem that I have been dealing with for a longer time now. In the framework of quenched disorder in the square-lattice Ising model I want to calculate, for large even $M$, the ...
Fred Hucht's user avatar
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Construction of a regulariser for the boundary integral operator $\lambda\mathrm{Id} - K'$

$\newcommand\Id{\mathrm{Id}}$Assumptions and Notations : $\Omega$ is a bounded Lipschitz domain in $\mathbb R^2$, $\Gamma$ denotes its boundary and $n$ is the normal vector to the boundary $\Gamma$, ...
SAKLY's user avatar
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How to show that the trace of a regularized Laplacian defined on two sphere with radius $h\geq 1$ is diverging logarithmically?

Let $h,m\in[1,\infty)$. I would like to verify that the following sum diverges logarithmically \begin{equation} \sum_{d=0}^{\infty} \frac{2d+1}{2h^2(1+\frac{d(d+1)}{h^2})(1+\frac{d(d+1)}{h^2m ^2})^{2}}...
Aban's user avatar
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37 votes
2 answers
4k views

1+2+3+4+… and −⅛

Is there some deeper meaning to the following derivation (or rather one-parameter family of derivations) associating the divergent series $1+2+3+4+…$ with the value $-\frac 1 8$ (as opposed to the ...
James Propp's user avatar
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The divergent sum $\sum_{n=1}^\infty (-1)^n (n^2)! x^n$

Question I'm interested in assigning a value to the divergent series $F(x)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty (-1)^n (n^2)! x^n$. I'm hoping that (1) the definition for $F(x)$ has (one-sided) derivatives of $(-1)^n (n^...
Caleb Briggs's user avatar
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2 votes
2 answers
196 views

Assigning values to divergent oscillating integrals

I have recently run into a number of divergent oscillating integrals in various contexts. Thus, I have been led to desire general methods for assigning values to divergent oscillating integrals. All ...
Caleb Briggs's user avatar
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Cutoff and regularization

Some variant of this question has probably been asked before on this site but my idea is to work with an explicit example. Suppose we discretize the momentum space, so we work with: $$\Lambda^{*} := \...
MathMath's user avatar
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Is there any intuition of why the both, regularized logarithm of zero is $-\gamma$ and the regularized logarithm of Bernoulli umbra is $-\gamma$?

If we take the MacLaurin series for $\ln(x+1)$ and evaluate it at $x=-1$, we will get the Harmonic series with the opposite sign: $-\sum_{k=1}^\infty \frac1x$. Since the regularized sum of the ...
Anixx's user avatar
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2 answers
236 views

What's the true regularized value of product of all natural numbers?

Muñoz Garcia and Pérez-Marco - The product over all primes is $4\pi^2$ claims that the regularized value of product $\prod_{k=1}^\infty k$ is $\sqrt{2\pi}$ and of $\prod_{k=1}^\infty p_k$ over primes $...
Anixx's user avatar
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3 votes
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Regularised value of cardinality of non trivial Zeta zeros:

This is a straight forward question so apologies in advance Consider the following sums: $$\sum_k1_{\rho_k}$$ $$\sum_k{\rho_k}$$ (i.e. first sum counts non trivial zeros of Zeta function) I want ...
TPC's user avatar
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1 answer
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Derivative of Cauchy PV is equivalent to Hadamard regularization?

Let $\mathcal C$ and $\mathcal H$ denote the Cauchy principal value and Hadamard finite part. According to the Wiki: $$ {\frac {\mathrm d}{\mathrm dx}}\left({\mathcal {C}}\int _{{a}}^{{b}}{\frac {...
Aaron Hendrickson's user avatar
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Normalizing a parameter in a regression

I am thinking about the possibility of making a parameter in my regression, let's say the $\lambda$ in a ridge regression, somehow, inside a range : $\lambda \in [0,1]$. Do you have any ideas how I ...
SUMQXDT's user avatar
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0 answers
221 views

Evaluating $\sum_{n=0}^\infty n^k n!$ in p-adics, and its connection to the summation of divergent series

Often, in the discussion of the regularization of the geometric series it is mentioned that $\sum_{n=0}^\infty p^n$ converges in the p-adics, and indeed, that it converges to $\frac{1}{1-p}$. I had ...
Caleb Briggs's user avatar
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0 answers
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What's the regularized value of these divergent integrals: $\int_0^\infty \ln x \, dx$ and $\int_0^\infty \frac{\ln x}{x^2} \, dx$?

When playing with divergent integrals $\int_0^\infty f(x) \, dx$ and their transformations with operators $\int_0^\infty\mathcal{L}_t[t f(t)](x) \, dx$ and $\int_0^\infty\frac1x\mathcal{L}^{-1}_t[ f(t)...
Anixx's user avatar
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3 votes
2 answers
424 views

A proposition for summing divergent series, but how should partial summation be defined at non-natural values?

Introduction I have been in search of methods of assinging values to divergent series that have a nice intuitive or geometric interpretation. One fairly straightforward method I've considered for ...
Caleb Briggs's user avatar
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12 votes
1 answer
973 views

Divergent series summation beyond natural boundaries

I'm hoping to investigate the effects of divergent summation methods on series which cannot be analytically continued due to a dense set of singularities. At least a priori, it doesn't seem that a ...
Caleb Briggs's user avatar
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10 votes
2 answers
2k views

Value of divergent sum $\sum_{n=0}^\infty (-1)^n n^n$

I'm hoping to find a reasonable value to assign to the divergent series $\sum_{n=0}^\infty (-1)^n n^n$ and $\sum_{n=0}^\infty (-1)^n (xn)^n$. For the first one, I have obtained something around 0.71, ...
Caleb Briggs's user avatar
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2 votes
0 answers
239 views

Hypermodulus and what mathematical objects have it

When researching divergent integrals, I decided to introduce a concept of "modulus" or "determinant" of divergent integral (and series). Basically, it is the exponent of the real ...
Anixx's user avatar
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5 votes
1 answer
181 views

Improving regularity of the boundary of a convex set in Riemannian manifolds

Let $X$ be a geodesically complete Riemannian manifold (we may assume that $X$ is simply connected and negatively curved, although I don't think it matters). Given a closed, convex subset $K \subset X$...
Mathemagica's user avatar
3 votes
2 answers
259 views

Does this method analytically continue gap series series?

I was looking for ways to continue gap series, and it seemed to be that they could be continued outside of the boundary by simply turning $$f(x)= \sum_{n=0}^\infty x^{n^k}$$ into $$g(x) =- \sum_{n=1}^\...
Caleb Briggs's user avatar
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0 answers
251 views

How is this expression for the regularization of integrals of monomials, given in a paper, justified? How strong is argument in favor?

In this answer by Carlo Beenakker he cites the following regularization formula: $$\int_0^\infty x^p\,dx\mathrel{"="}\frac{(-1)^{p+1}}{(p+1)(p+2)},\;\;p=0,1,2,\dotsc,$$ citing Tafazoli - Calculation ...
Anixx's user avatar
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1 vote
0 answers
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What intuitive meaning "determinant" of a divergency (divergent integral, series, germ, pole or a singularity) can have?

I am working on the algebra of "divergencies", that is, infinite integrals, series, and germs. So, I decided to construct something similar to the modulus or determinant of a matrix of these ...
Anixx's user avatar
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2 votes
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224 views

Did anyone ever propose the distinction between "divergent to infinity" as opposed to "divergent but with finite average"?

There are different regularization methods that allow us to ascribe finite values to divergent integrals, series or sequences. Still, in my view there is fundamental difference between divergent ...
Anixx's user avatar
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-1 votes
1 answer
268 views

A question on assigning finite values to divergent sums involving expression of primes

We know the following: $$\gamma=\lim_{n\to\infty }\left(\sum_{k=1}^n\frac{1}{k}-\ln(n)\right).$$ This could be a good candidate for renormalized sum of $\left(\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{k}\right)$. ...
Zaza's user avatar
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2 votes
0 answers
161 views

Regularization of the area under hyperbola

So, I am trying to find the regularized value of the divergent integral $I=\int_1^\infty \sqrt{x^2-1}dx$. Since the area of $\int_0^1 \sqrt{1-x^2}dx=\frac\pi4$, I wonder whether the area under ...
Anixx's user avatar
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0 votes
1 answer
417 views

A set of divergent integrals that I think, equal to $-\gamma$

So, we take $\frac{\text{sgn}(x-1)}{x}$ and apply $\mathcal{L}_t[t f(t)](x)$ four times. The transform is known to keep area under the curve. These integrals, I think, are equal to minus Euler-...
Anixx's user avatar
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1 vote
2 answers
269 views

Can we meaningfully ascribe values to these divergent integrals?

My gut feeling is that $\int_0^\infty (1-\frac1{x^2})dx=0$ $\int_0^\infty (x-\frac2{x^3})dx=0$ $\int_0^\infty (x^2-\frac6{x^4})dx=0,$ etc, and in general, $\int_0^\infty (x^k-(k+1)!x^{-(k+2)})dx=0,$ ...
Anixx's user avatar
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6 votes
2 answers
1k views

On modified Euler product

Consider the modified Euler product as follows: $$F(s) = \prod_{p} \left( 1 - \frac{c}{p^s} \right)^{-\ln(p)}$$ Here $c$ is a constant My questions are Is there a compact representation for this ...
Zaza's user avatar
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20 votes
4 answers
4k views

Is the pseudoinverse the same as least squares with regularization?

Given a linear system $Ax=b$, the pseudoinverse of $A$ is found as the matrix $A^+$ such that $x=A^+ b$ where $x$ solves the least squares problem $\min \| Ax - b \|^2 $ and $x \perp \mathcal{N}(A)$. ...
Herman Jaramillo's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
243 views

The zeta regularization of $\prod_{m=-\infty}^\infty (km+u)$

Background: I'm facing the computation of the zeta regularization of the infinite product given by $$\prod_{m=-\infty}^\infty (km+u)$$ for a real positive $k$ and $\Im(u)\neq 0$. From J. R. Quine, S. ...
Mattia Coloma's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
98 views

Sparse signal recovery (nonlinear case)

Let $K \subset \mathbb{R}^n$, it may be that $K$ is "very thin" (e.g. $K$ is a $k$-dimensional affine subset of $\mathbb{R}^n$, with $k \ll n$). I'm interested in the case where $K$ is ...
Sébastien Loisel's user avatar
5 votes
0 answers
251 views

More or less universal formula for regularization of divergent integrals?

Is there a simple formula that would produce the regularized value for the most common divergent integrals? I know, there is a formula for Cesaro integration, but it is applicable only to Cesaro-...
Anixx's user avatar
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3 votes
2 answers
373 views

Theta-function in the lower half-plane

Standard theta function $$\vartheta(q)=\sum_{n=-\infty}^\infty q^{n^2} \qquad\qquad(1)$$ has a natural boundary of analyticity at $|q|=1$. This means that it can not be used to regularize expressions ...
Weather Report's user avatar
7 votes
3 answers
622 views

Is regularization of infinite sums by analytic continuation unique?

There are ill-posed summations that we can assign values to, take for concreteness, $$ S = \sum_{k=0}^\infty k $$ to which we can assign $-1/12$ by several methods. Is there a fundamental and rigorous ...
MCH's user avatar
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6 votes
2 answers
543 views

Less fundamental applications of Zeta regularization:

As we all know, zeta regularization is used in Quantum field theory and calculations regarding the Casimir effect. Are there less fundamental applications of zeta function regularization? By "less ...
bambi's user avatar
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-1 votes
1 answer
228 views

Are the shapes of the $\mathbb{R}^2$ plane and a disk of infinite radius different? Or otherwise, why their areas differ by $\frac\pi{12}$? [closed]

The calculation of the area of the $\mathbb{R}^2$ plane depends on filtering used. I think, the most natural filtering is along the radius in polar coordinates: $$S_{\mathbb{R}^2}=\int_0^\infty 2\pi ...
Anixx's user avatar
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0 votes
1 answer
208 views

Generalised limits via derivatives of integrals?

Assuming that $f$ is a continuous function, we have that $$f(x) = \frac{d}{dx}\int f(t)\,dt.$$ Assuming instead that $f$ has a removable singularity at $x=a$, and is otherwise continuous, we have ...
wlad's user avatar
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7 votes
2 answers
900 views

Regularizing the sum of all primes

In the spirit of a similar question for the harmonic series, is there a way to regularize the (divergent) sum of all primes? $$ \sum_{p \text{ prime}} p $$ Neither of these questions obtained a ...
user76284's user avatar
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4 votes
2 answers
809 views

Is there a sensible way to regularize $\int_0^\infty \tan x\, dx$?

I wonder if there is any sensible generalization of regularization which would be able to ascribe finite values to $\int_0^\infty \tan x \,dx$ and $\int_{-\infty}^0 \psi(x)dx$? Perticularly, since $\...
Anixx's user avatar
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4 votes
1 answer
212 views

Interesting questions for inverse parabolic problems

I'm looking for some interesting questions and maybe open problems in inverse problems theory, especially in the framework of parabolic PDEs (basically the heat equation). As key words here we can ...
S. Maths's user avatar
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4 votes
1 answer
114 views

Proximal Operator image of convex functionals

Let $\Gamma_0$ denote the set of lower-semi-continuous convex functionals on a Hilbert space $H$. What exactly is the image of $\Gamma_0$ under the proximal operator $$ \begin{aligned} &\Gamma_0\...
ABIM's user avatar
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0 votes
1 answer
276 views

How to derive the solution of Tikhonov Regularization via SVD [closed]

The solution to Tikhonov Regularization is $$x=(A^HA+\sigma^2_{min}I)^{-1}A^Hb$$ where $\sigma^2_{min}$ is the minimum of the singular values of $A$. Then we apply $SVD$ to $A$ such that, $$A=U\Sigma ...
Ubo Chow's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
357 views

New/useful method for summation of divergent series?

Questions $$ S(n,x) = x+e^x + e^{e^x} + e^{e^{e^x}} + \dots \text{$n$ times}$$ Also obeys (see background for argument): $$ \frac{1}{2 \pi i} \oint e^{S(k,x)} \frac{\partial \ln(\frac{\int_0^\...
More Anonymous's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
206 views

Why we cannot speak about the main or natural regularization?

Often when asking about a regularized value of an integral or series, I encounter a negative reaction of the sorts that "regularization is what you define it". But in practice if we consider some ...
Anixx's user avatar
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8 votes
3 answers
341 views

Regularized linear vs. RKHS-regression

I'm studying the difference between regularization in RKHS regression and linear regression, but I have a hard time grasping the crucial difference between the two. Given input-output pairs $(x_i,y_i)...
MthQ's user avatar
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2 votes
0 answers
108 views

What is the generalized sum of the following series? $\sum _{x=1}^{\infty } \sqrt{s^2 x^2-1}$ [closed]

I tried Mathematica, various regularization methods, including Borel, with no result. On Math.SE the question was attacked with claims that divergent series cannot have a sum, so I decided to ask at ...
Anixx's user avatar
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1 vote
0 answers
257 views

Regularization on divergent series [closed]

I want to compute $$ \sum ^{\infty }_{n=1}\dfrac {\left( 2n+k-2\right) !\zeta \left( 2n\right) \left( -1\right) ^{n-1}}{\left( 2\pi \right) ^{2n}}. $$ This series is surely not convergent for any ...
emre iris's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
121 views

Why to multiply the penalty by $n$ in the penalized least squares and likelihood?

In the SCAD paper by Fan and Li (2001), there exist two forms of penalized least squares as follows: $$\frac{1}{2}\left \| y-X\beta \right \|^2+\lambda \sum_{j=1}^{d}p_j (\left | \beta _j \right |),$$ ...
Tim Xu's user avatar
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