Questions tagged [rational-functions]

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12 votes
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Pencils with many completely decomposable fibers

Let $F= \frac{G}{H} : \mathbb P^n \to \mathbb P^1$ be a non-constant rational function ($G$ and $H$ homogenous polynomials of the same degree in $\mathbb C^{n+1})$. The fiber over $(\lambda:\mu) \in ...
Jorge Vitório Pereira's user avatar
11 votes
0 answers
497 views

A curious observation on the elliptic curve $y^2=x^3+1$

Here is a calculation regarding the $2$-torsion points of the elliptic curve $y^2=x^3+1$ which looks really miraculous to me (the motivation comes at the end). Take a point of $y^2=x^3+1$ and ...
KhashF's user avatar
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9 votes
0 answers
640 views

Again, polynomial bijection $f:{\mathbb Q}\times{\mathbb Q}\times{\mathbb Q}\to {\mathbb Q}$

Assume that there is no polynomial $f(x,y)\in{\mathbb Q}[x,y]{}$ such that $f\colon {\mathbb Q}\times{\mathbb Q}\to {\mathbb Q}$ is a bjiection. Does this imply that there is no polynomial $f(x,y,z)\...
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9 votes
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336 views

Is Videla's solution of Hilbert's tenth problem for rational functions over field of characteristic 2 wrong?

The paper in question. Quick introduction to the problem: suppose that $F$ is a finite field of characteristic 2 (for purposes of this post $F = \mathbb{F}_2$ will suffice) and let $F[t]$ and $F(t)$ ...
Kaban-5's user avatar
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4 votes
0 answers
171 views

On sums of minima and maxima

Let $h_1,\ldots,h_n$ be positive integers, and define $$m(h_1,\ldots,h_n)=\sum_{r_1=0}^{h_1-1}\ldots\sum_{r_n=0}^{h_n-1}\min\left\{\frac{r_1}{h_1},\ldots,\frac{r_n}{h_n}\right\}$$ and $$M(h_1,\ldots,...
Zhi-Wei Sun's user avatar
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4 votes
0 answers
135 views

The class of all iterated antiderivatives of rational functions

Consider the following property of a function $f$: There exists a non-negative integer $n$ such that the $n$'th derivative of $f$ is a rational function. Question 1: Is there a name in the ...
Andreas Holmstrom's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
43 views

Convexity of integral trajectories of rational vector field

Suppose we have a vector field determined by a rational function, of the form $$ R(z) = \alpha i z + \sum_{j=1}^k \frac{c_j}{z-r_j} $$ where $\alpha \in \mathbb{R}$, and the other constants are in $\...
Per Alexandersson's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
196 views

Characterizing rational functions on $\mathbb{Q}$ in terms of smooth extensions to $\mathbb{R}$ and $\mathbb{Q}_p$

Consider a function $f$ from a cofinite subset of $\mathbb{Q}$ to $\mathbb{Q}$. As established here and here $f$ extending to a smooth function on a cofinite subset of $\mathbb{R}$ is not sufficient ...
James Hanson's user avatar
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3 votes
0 answers
116 views

Dimension of certain polynomial spaces

Let $(\omega_1, \eta_1) \dots (\omega_n, \eta_n)$ be $n$ pairs of complex numbers where $\omega_i \ne \omega_j$ for all $1 \leq i \ne j \leq n$. We define the following polynomial space $$ Z_n^d(\eta, ...
Zhaoning Yang's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
398 views

A question on partial fraction decompositions

This question concerns the mapping from the poles of a rational function to the coefficients of its partial fraction decomposition. In general, this mapping is not injective. I want to identify some "...
Dunham's user avatar
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3 votes
0 answers
134 views

Subfields $k\subseteq F\subseteq k(x_1,\dots,x_n)$. Is then $F\cap k[x_1,\dots,x_n]=k(f_1,\dots,f_m)\cap k[x_1,\dots,x_n]$ for polynomials $f_i$?

Let $F\subseteq k(x_1,\dots,x_n)$ be a subfield with $k\subseteq F$. I know that $F=k(\psi_1,\dots,\psi_r)$ for rational functions $\psi_i\in k(x_1,\dots,x_n)$. I'm interested in the intersection $F\...
InvisiblePanda's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
341 views

Generalization of Lagrange inversion with "skewed" formal parameter

I am interested in obtaining an analog of the Lagrange inversion formula, starting from a generalization of the implicit equation. Ordinary Lagrange reversion, as I am familiar with it, starts with ...
Gabriel Mitchell's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
426 views

confusion about rational maps and Fatou components

Dear fellows, I have come to another conclusion which must be wrong. Let $f$ be a rational map and let $U$ be a connected but not simply connected open subset of the Fatou set such that $f(U)$ is ...
idiot_1337's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
89 views

Unirationality connected with $S$-unit equation

This update of question asked before. Let $n$ be a natural number. Consider a subvariety in $\mathbb A^{3n+2}$ (say over $\mathbb C$) given by the equation $$x_1(t-y_1)\dots (t-y_n)+x_2(t-z_1)\dots(t-...
Galois group's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
81 views

A closed expression for definite integral of a rational function

Suppose $F(x) = P(x)/Q(x)$ is an integrable rational function on $\mathbb R$, that is, $\deg Q \geq \deg P + 2$, and $Q$ has no real roots. Does there exist an expression for the definite integral $...
Troshkin Michael's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
71 views

Is there a finite set of polynomials generating all rational numbers by iteration?

In this previous post I asked for the smallest set of continuous real functions that could generate $\mathbb{Q}$ by iteration starting from 0. Surprisingly one continuous function suffices. The ...
Ivan Meir's user avatar
  • 4,762
2 votes
0 answers
109 views

Galois invariant rational functions and base change

Let $X$ be an algebraic variety defined over a perfect field $k$, let $\bar k$ be the algebraic closure of $k$, let $X_{\bar k}$ be the base change of $X$ over $\bar k$ and let $G ={\rm Gal}(\bar k/k)$...
bog's user avatar
  • 351
2 votes
0 answers
113 views

approximation of rational functions

Suppose $\hat{p}/\hat{q}$ and $p/q$ are two rational functions where $p,q,\hat{p},\hat{q}$ are of degree $n$. Suppose they satisfy that $|p(z)/q(z) - \hat{p}(z)/\hat{q}(z)| < \epsilon$ for any $z$ ...
Alex Wenxin Xu's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
287 views

Rational interpolation: Error bounds for coefficients

The following question was asked on MSE, but might be more suitable here. Assume there is a rational function $$ f:x\mapsto \frac{\sum_{i=0}^m{a_ix^i}}{1+\sum_{j=1}^n{b_jx^j}} $$ of type $(m,n)$ with ...
Eckhard's user avatar
  • 656
1 vote
0 answers
228 views

Confusion regarding the invariant rational functions

I was reading S. Mukai's- An Introduction to Invariants and Moduli, and I came across Proposition 6.16 on page 195 (see the screenshot below) It says that "every invariant rational function can ...
It'sMe's user avatar
  • 767
1 vote
0 answers
102 views

On counter-examples to Noether's Problem

Noether's Problem was introduced by Emmy Noether in [4]: Let $\mathsf{k}$ be a field and $K=\mathsf{k}(x_1,\ldots,x_n)$ be a purely transcendental extension. Let $G<S_n$ be a group acting by ...
jg1896's user avatar
  • 2,683
1 vote
0 answers
155 views

How to link the rank of Elliptic Surfaces and Elliptic Curves over function fields?

I have been investigating certain elliptic surfaces for my research, and when giving a presentation, I was asked why when given an elliptic surface $E$, say given in Weierstrass form $$E\colon y^2+a_1(...
Sam Gue's user avatar
  • 11
1 vote
0 answers
86 views

When is the product of two elements in algebraic closures of rational functions a constant function?

I have one question on some interactions between sum and product of elements in algebraic clsoures of rational polynomials over algebraically closed fields. My question is as follows: Let E and F be ...
Luke's user avatar
  • 11
1 vote
0 answers
45 views

Characterization of dimension over $\mathbb{Q}$ of infinite sums of rational functions

Let $P(n)=(n+r_1)(n+r_2)...(n+r_k)$ be a polynomial with simple, rational, negative roots (i.e. $r_i>0$) and degree $k\geq 2$ (I stick with negative roots as I don't have to worry about dividing by ...
QC_QAOA's user avatar
  • 121
1 vote
0 answers
95 views

Extension of closed-form solvability of polynomial equations of x and exp to rational expressions?

Is my conjecture below true? It's a new conjecture. It's an extension of Lin's theorem in [Lin 1983] which is cited in [Chow 1999] - see both references at the bottom of this page. It seems that Ferng-...
IV_'s user avatar
  • 1,063
1 vote
0 answers
225 views

Rational functions and polynomials with infinitely many integer values

Let $f\in \mathbb{C}(x)$ be a rational function. Assume that we have an infinite collection $\{p_n\}_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$ of positive integers such that for every $n$ it holds that $f(p_n)\in\mathbb{N}$...
Ehud Meir's user avatar
  • 4,969
1 vote
0 answers
71 views

Truncation error in Padè approximants

Suppose only the following data are known about a rational function $R(x)=P(x)/Q(x)$ (for $P,Q$ polynomials): (a) the degree of $P$ is $\leq m$ and the degree of $Q$ is $\leq n$; (b) the first $k$ ...
Michele's user avatar
  • 11
1 vote
0 answers
170 views

Solving a system of rational functions

Given pairwise distinct numbers $c_1, c_2, \dots c_n \in \mathbb{C} \setminus \{0\}$, does the system of equations $$\frac{6}{c_k} + \sum_{i \ne k} \frac{2}{c_k - c_i} = \sum_{i = 1}^n \frac{1}{c_k - ...
Zhaoning Yang's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
271 views

sections of vector bundles

Let $X$ a smooth projective connected curve over $\mathbb{C}$. Let $E$ a vector bundle and $E'$ a subbundle of $E$. Let $(x_{1},\dots,x_{n})$ $n$ closed points on the curve $X$ with $n>2g$ and $z$ ...
prochet's user avatar
  • 3,432
1 vote
0 answers
1k views

Properties of a rational function of multiple variables

Suppose you are given a multivariable rational function f(x0,x1,x2,x3,..,xn), so the only four operation are +,-,*,/. Assume that all constants and exponents are integers within certain range. I ...
Alex_Waterloo's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
180 views

Fields over which cubic hypersurfaces are rational

All cubic hypersurfaces having at least one double point are birational to some $P^n$ over an algebraically closed field. How does the statement change as I pass to non alg closed fields? Does it hold ...
IMeasy's user avatar
  • 3,707
1 vote
0 answers
167 views

Extrema in two variables of a sum of logs, or equation with sum of rational functions

I am trying to find numerically $\arg\min_{x\in(1, +\infty),y\in(0, 1)}\sum_i\log(xy+\alpha_ix+\beta_iy+\gamma_i)$, where the sum has a large number of terms, and the coefficients are such that the ...
antony's user avatar
  • 11
0 votes
0 answers
92 views

A question about the existence of rational functions

I am reading a paper Representations of shifted quantum affine algebras. I have a question about the existence of a rational function about the remark $4.4$ I'll briefly describe the problem. We let $...
fusheng's user avatar
  • 65
0 votes
0 answers
41 views

Educated guess for algebraic approximation

I found a very neat ancient hindi formula for approximating square roots using rational numbers. After doing some algebra on the formula, i came across with this recursive relation: Given any number $...
Simón Flavio Ibañez's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
111 views

How to prove or disprove $ |r'(a)| \leq c_1 \sup_{x \in [a-1/2,a+1/2]} |r(x)|$?

Let $ A = \begin{bmatrix} a & 1 \\ 0 & a \end{bmatrix}$ be a Jordan matrix with $ -1 < a < 1 $. Let $r(z) = \frac{p(z)}{q(z)}$ be an irreducible rational function, where $p(...
xiuhua's user avatar
  • 101
0 votes
0 answers
58 views

Arranging the $k$ solutions of $r(z)=te^{i\theta}$ into $k$ continuous functions of $(t,\theta)$

I have originally opened this question on MSE, but I migrated here, since I realized this environment is more suitable. Let $r$ be a rational function, that is, quotient of two coprime polynomials $p,...
Joe's user avatar
  • 759
0 votes
0 answers
96 views

Trasforming a system of rational equations into an equivalent system of polynomial equations

Suppose that a system of rational equations $r_1=0, r_2=0, \dots, r_m=0$ defines a zero dimensional variety $V$. Is there an algorithm to produce polynomials $p_i$, starting from the rational ...
giulio bullsaver's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
104 views

Root of the expectation of a random rational function

I am trying to figure out a formula for the unique $\lambda>1$ such that $$ \mathbb{E}\bigg[\frac{X}{\lambda -X}\bigg]=1 $$ where $X$ is a discrete random variable taking values in $\{\frac{1}{n},....
Gabriel's user avatar
  • 29
0 votes
0 answers
44 views

Algorithm to determine if a rational fraction has only non negative coefficients

Is there an algorithm that takes as input a polynomial in two variables $P \in \mathbb{N}[x,y]$ and outputs YES if and only if the coefficients of the series $\frac{1}{1-(x+y)} - \frac{1}{1-P}$ are ...
Séverin's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
87 views

Coefficients of a special meromorphic function

The problem described below appears elementary, but I can't figure out the answer or find it in the literature. I apologize if I have missed something very basic. Let me begin with considering a ...
Dierk Bormann's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
124 views

Rational dynamical system with nonnegative paramaters

let $A$ be a rational system of the form :$\begin{cases} x_{n+1}=\frac{\alpha_{1}}{y_{n}} \\ y_{n+1}=\frac{\alpha_{2}}{z_{n}} \\ z_{n+1}=\frac{\alpha_{3+}+\beta_{3}x_{n}+\sigma_{3}y_{n}+\lambda_{3}z_{...
salimmath15's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
325 views

Absolute minima for rational function

Suppose I have two rational polynomials $f_1 (x)$ and $f_2 (x)$, both of the form $$ f_k (x) = \frac{x (A_k x + B_k)}{(C_k x + D_k)} $$ with constants $A_k, B_k, C_k$ and $D_k$ and where $k=1,2$. I am ...
Daniel Cartin's user avatar