Questions tagged [pr.probability]

Theory and applications of probability and stochastic processes: e.g. central limit theorems, large deviations, stochastic differential equations, models from statistical mechanics, queuing theory.

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Young Tableau Box Correlations

Let $T$ be a uniformly random Standard Young Tableau (SYT) of shape $\lambda=(\lambda_1,\cdots,\lambda_k)$ with $|\lambda|=n$. Let $T_{ij}$ denote the value in box $(i,j)$. I'm interested in what can ...
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convergence of integral for each bounded function in probability

Let $\mu, \mu_1, \mu_2, \dots$ be random measures on a Polish space (separable completely metrizable topological space) $(S, {\mathcal S})$. Suppose I know that $$\int f d \mu_n \to \int f d\mu$$ ...
Valentas's user avatar
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Unusual generalization of the law of large numbers

I have seen in physical literature an example of application of a very unusual form of the law of large numbers. I would like to understand how legitimate is the use of it, whether there are ...
asv's user avatar
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First collision time of $n$ random walkers on a cycle

My question is somehow related to the one here First Collision Time for k Random Walkers on a Torus but, unfortunately, the answer does not cover my concern. My problem is: consider $n$ walkers on ...
Peva Blanchard's user avatar
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Is there a generalization of Polya urns to continuous outcome event?

Take for example the simplest model where there are n blue balls and m white balls in an urn. Then, in a first step realization, a white one has been drawn and then c + 1 of this colour had been put ...
Cristián Antuña's user avatar
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Is Wiener's Tauberian theorem true in Wiener space?

Let $\gamma$ be the standard product Gaussian measure in $\mathbb{R}^\infty$, and let $\mu$ be a finite variation measure, not necessarily positive, such that $\mu \ll \gamma$. Is the following true? ...
Alexander Shamov's user avatar
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Approximate determinantal point process

Consider a random process defined on $2^{\mathcal{X}}$, i.e. all subsets of a set $\mathcal{X}$. It's well known that this process is determinantal if one can find a positive semidefinite matrix $K$, ...
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Sample based inversion of the Radon transform

I have a classic tomography problem in which I would like to infer the internal density $p_0: \mathbb R^2 \to \mathbb R$ from external Radon projections. The internal density however is viewed as a ...
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"One sided" fast times of Brownian motion

Let $B_t$, $t \in [0,1]$ be a standard Brownian motion. We call a time $t$ fast up if $$ \limsup_{h \searrow 0} \frac{B(t+h) - B(t)}{\sqrt{2 h \ln(1/h)}} =1. $$ (Note the absence of absolute value ...
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Navigation in a graph

The problem Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph. $k = O\left(\log(|V|)\right)$ distinct vertices are picked randomly from $V$. We call the set of chosen $k$ vertices $T$. Assumptions about the graph: You may ...
real's user avatar
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Total variation and Hellinger distance inequality between truncated Gaussians

We know that the total variation distance, $d_{TV}(P,Q) = \frac{1}{2}\left|\left|P-Q\right|\right|_1$, between any two distributions $P$ and $Q$ is lower bounded by their squared Hellinger distance, $...
Alexander's user avatar
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Why is the density function of a sum of many iid random variables (i.e., the Gaussian) self-dual?

In the usual proof of the central limit theorem via characteristic functions, we note that if $X_1, \dots, X_n$ are independent and identically distributed, with probability density function $f(x)$, ...
Ash Malyshev's user avatar
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Convex hull of a discrete set of points

If i was to give an $n×n$ grid with each grid point having probability $p$ of being selected, would it be difficult to calculate distributions of various measures regarding the convex hull of all ...
Pavan Sangha's user avatar
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Mixing time for dimers on the square-octagon graph

Consider the "fortress graph" of order $n$ (see Figure 9 of http://faculty.uml.edu/jpropp/tiling/www/mdblum/arctic.html). It's been known empirically for twenty years that if one turns the set of ...
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Covariance matrix for number of powers in a word

A word over the alphabet $\{0,1\}$ of length $n$ may contain squares, cubes, and generally $k$th powers, where $2\le k\le n$. Let $O_k(w)$ denote the number of $k$th power occurrences in the word $w$. ...
Bjørn Kjos-Hanssen's user avatar
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Expectation of running maximum of diffusion processes

Let $X$ be a one-dimensional Ito diffusion $$X_t=x+ \int_0^t b(X_s)ds + \int_0^t \sigma(X_s)dW_s,$$ where $b,\sigma$ satisfy the usual Lipschitz continuity and linear growth conditions. Define the ...
epsilon's user avatar
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Optimization problem involving Multivariate Normal

I use $\phi(t)$ to describe the standard normal distribution density and $\Phi(t)$ as the normal distribution CDF and would like to prove that for all $n\geq3$, the function: $$h(\mu_{1},\ldots,\...
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Conditional expectation with respect to random closed sets

Short question If $X$ is a random closed set, and $Y$ is an integrable random variable, I would like a definition of the "conditional expectation" $$\mathbf{E}[Y \mid X\ni x].$$ Has this been worked ...
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Solving a Fredholm equation with a piecewise kernel : Karhunen-Loeve of a stopped Brownian motion

Is there a way to solve analytically the Fredholm integral equation of the second kind $$ \int_0^{100} K(s, t) f(s) ds = \lambda f(t) $$ where the kernel has the piecewise 'linear' form \begin{align} ...
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Does the concept of connective constant make sense for any tiling of the plane?

First let me define what is the "connective constant" of a two dimensional lattice. Let $c_{n}$ denote the number of $n$ step self-avoiding walks starting from a fixed origin point in the lattice. ...
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Inverse of matrix-valued function

Given $c>0$. Let $\gamma_c:{\cal M}_{k \times k}^+\mapsto {\cal M}_{k \times k}^+$ is a function defined by \begin{equation} \gamma_c(\Omega)=\frac1{\sqrt{(2\pi)^{k}|\Omega|}}\int_{\mathbb{R}^k}\{(-...
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Generating random weak k-bounded reverse plane partitions

Fix a partition $\lambda$. A weak reverse plane partition of shape $\lambda$ is a filling $0\leq \pi_{ij}$ of $\lambda$ with $\pi_{ij}\leq \pi_{kl}$ whenever $i\leq k$ or $j\leq l$. Note that $\pi_{ij}...
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On the existence and uniqueness of solution to SPDE with nonlinear growth coefficients

Consider the SPDE $$\frac{\partial}{\partial t}u_t(x) = \frac{\kappa}{2}\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x^2}u_t(x) + u_t(x)(K-u_t(x)) + \sigma u_t(x) \xi(t,x),$$ where $(t,x)\in {\mathbb R}_+\times {\...
epsilon's user avatar
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Quantile convergence

Let $X^1,\dots,X^n$ be a sample of (not necessarily iid) random variables and denote $$F^n(x)=\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i=1}^n \mathbf 1_{X^i\leq x}$$ the empirical distribution function. Suppose that we know ...
splinter123's user avatar
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Modification of stochastic processes vs. generalized stochastic processes

Let $(\Omega, \mathcal{F}, \mathbb{P})$ be a probability space and $X = (X_t)_{t \in \mathbb{R}^d}$ a classical stochastic process defined on $\Omega$. One says that a process $Y$ defined on $\Omega$ ...
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Using Crump-Mode-Jagers processes to get logarithmic bound on a random tree height

I am currently pursuing my PhD degree and in my research I came across a family of random trees. I need to prove a logarithmic asymptotic bound for the heights of such trees as their size grows. I ...
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Generalized Markov Processes on CW complexes of dimension > 1

Markov processes have a large variety of applications to physics and chemistry (as well as many other fields). Such processes are formulated on graphs, i.e., CW complexes of dimension one. It is ...
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Probability distribution function for singular value sum of Gaussian random matrix

Let $\mathbf{X}$ be an $N \times N$ random matrix with IID Gaussian entries. They can be standard normal, but $N$ is not large: that is $N$ $<$ 6, typically. Call its singular value decomposition (...
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181 views

Concentration inequality for function of independent Bernoulli r.v.'s (related to random graph)

Consider a random undirected graph on a set of $n$ nodes, say $\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$, such that the probability of edge between nodes $i$ and $j$ is $p_{ij}$ (we may assume $p_{ij}=o(1)$ for all $i,j$, i....
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Reference request: stationary measures as convex combinations of ergodic measures

Does anyone know a good reference for the fact that a stationary probability measure is a convex combination of the stationary and ergodic probability measures? I have found some references for the ...
Jon Peterson's user avatar
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498 views

Implications of a recent result on Benford's law

I want to the discuss the implications of a theorem by J. Morrow (2010) regarding Benford's law. There are many papers written about Benford's law with a comprenhensive discussion of the advantages ...
Mauricio Tec's user avatar
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278 views

Markov operators and existence of ergodic measures

My question refers to the yesterday's question (see here) of John Learner and goes as follows: Can we deduce the existence of an ergodic measure if we know that an invariant measure exists, but the ...
Almost sure's user avatar
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Lyapunov function of exponential growth for existence of a solution of an SDE

Let $$dX_t = a(X_t) dt + b(X_t) dW_t$$ be a one-dimensional stochastic differential equation, where the coefficients $a,b: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ satisfy for every ball $B_R$ the following ...
Fisher's user avatar
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On understanding Discrete-Valued Stochastic Processes( time series, panel data )

It seems to me that a significant proportion of work in probability theory, statistics and machine learning are on understanding continuous-valued, relatively weakly dependent, or linear dependent ...
user2551507's user avatar
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972 views

Inverse Fourier Transform involving a Bessel Function, Exponential, and Power

I'm interested in this integral as a function of $r$ for various spectral densities $S(s)$: $\frac{2 \pi}{r^{p/2}-1} \int_{0}^{\infty} S(s) J_{p/2-1}(2 \pi r s) s^{p/2} ds $, where $J_{p/2-1}$ is a ...
Gordon's user avatar
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Metrized categories

Motivation: Let $\Gamma = (V,E)$ be a directed graph. To each edge $e \in E$, choose a value $\kappa^e \in \mathbb R$, representing the cost of transporting one unit of "stuff" through the edge. Let $\...
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
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How fast is discrete-time diffusion on a continuous set?

This question is inspired by Joseph O'Rourke's beautiful answer to my previous question. Let $\mathbb{S}^{d\times n}$ denote the set of real $d\times n$ matrices whose columns have unit norm and sum ...
Dustin G. Mixon's user avatar
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478 views

The probability distribution for the number of pairwise distances $\leq$ some threshold for points uniformly placed in a sphere

If I place place $N$ particles in a sphere of radius $R$, selecting positions across the sphere's volume with uniform probability, what is the exact probability distribution for the number of pairwise ...
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Concentration of sum of independent random variables

Let $X_1, ..., X_n$ be i.i.d. sub-Gaussian random variables with mean $0$ and variance $1$. That is, we have $\Pr[|X_i| > t] \leq \exp(1-t^2/K^2)$ for all $t>0$ and a parameter $K$. Then we can ...
MCH's user avatar
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Tail for the integral of a diffusion process

I would like to compute the following tail, $$ \mathbb{P}\left(\int_{0}^{T} f(X_t)\mathrm{dt}>x\right), $$ assuming $$ \mathbb{P}[f(X_t)>x] = x^{-\alpha} \log(x), $$ and $X$ is a diffusion ...
Mawaki's user avatar
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Graph distance of close points within the minimum spanning tree

My question is the following: Given $N$ uniform IID points $X=(X_1,...,X_N)$ on the unit cube of $\mathbb{R}^d$, take $X_1$ and another point, say $X_{(1)}$, "close" to $X_1$ (i.e. connected to $X_1$ ...
kaleidoscop's user avatar
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A simplified MCMC / MH algorithm. Are there known convergence results?

Hi, I hope this isn't too basic. We were working on a simulation using a Monte Carlo Within Metropolis algorithm and noticed that the whole thing could be expressed in the form below and simplified ...
user32372's user avatar
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Binomial Expectation of Convex Function

Suppose $x$ has a binomial distribution with chance $\alpha$ drawn $k$ times, and let $f(x)$ be a positive convex real valued function. I would like to evaluate $$\frac{\partial}{\partial \alpha} \...
Josh's user avatar
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Expected number of components with multiple cycles in a subgraph of a square lattice

Short version Is there an understanding of the emergence and subsequent disappearance of components with zero, one, or more cycles in a random subgraph of a square or cubic lattice, as the edge-...
Niel de Beaudrap's user avatar
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233 views

Convergence of probability measures on a generating field of a sigma-field

Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{B})$ be a measurable space and let $\mathcal{F}$ be a generating field of $\mathcal{B}$. Assume $\mathcal{F}$ is standard, i.e. it is countable, and any normalized, non-negative, ...
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Some constants in Martingale Stein inequality

Dear all, the following is a special case of Stein inequalities for martingales. $\textbf{Theorem}$ Let $(\Omega, \mathbb{P})$ be a (standard) probability space equipped with a filtration of ...
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E[ | X - Y | ] where X and Y are independent Poisson random variable

What is the expected value of the absolute difference of two independent Poisson variables? $$E[ |X - Y| ]$$ Seems like an easy question but I haven't found an easy solution. I've split the double ...
mathsguy1's user avatar
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430 views

Hessians of Fourier transforms of positive radial functions

$\newcommand{\bR}{\mathbb{R}}$ $\newcommand{\ii}{\boldsymbol{i}}$ $\newcommand{\eW}{\mathscr{W}}$ While investigating the distribution of critical points of random funtions on tori I was lead to ...
4 votes
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114 views

Bounds on the size of a set of strings over an arbitrary alphabet within a fixed Hamming distance of one-another

I pick a set of random strings $S$ of length $L$ over an $P$-letter alphabet. These strings are 'random' in the sense that every character is chosen with uniform random probability over the ...
Bob's user avatar
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The spectrum of a Markov Operator and Invariant Measures

Suppose I have a discrete-time Markov Chain (in an infinite dimensional state space $\Omega$) with Markov operator $P$, a linear operator on the space of bounded measurable functions on $\Omega$. (Or ...
Jeremy Voltz's user avatar

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