Questions tagged [positivity]

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Polynomials with presumably positive coefficients

After seeing that some positivity problems get their solutions on MO, I am quite enthusiastic of posing my (and not only) problem of positive flavour. In order to state it, I have to introduce the ...
Wadim Zudilin's user avatar
12 votes
0 answers
700 views

Product of a Schubert polynomial and a double Schubert polynomial

Let $S_u(x)$ be a Schubert polynomial and let $S_v(x;y)$ be a double Schubert polynomial. Then their product can be expressed in terms of the double Schubert polynomials as $$S_u(x)S_v(x;y)=\sum_w{c_{...
Matt Samuel's user avatar
  • 1,978
11 votes
0 answers
361 views

Positivity of polynomial sequences via generating series

In this question I address the problem of proving the nonnegativity of a numerical sequence $a_0,a_1,a_2,\dots$ via generating series technique. In the notation $A(x)=\sum_{n=0}^\infty a_nx^n\ge0$ ...
Wadim Zudilin's user avatar
9 votes
0 answers
254 views

Can we extend c.p. normal maps on a finite von Neumann algebra $M$ to $L_0(M)_+$?

Suppose that $M$ is a von Neumann algebra with a finite, normal, faithful trace $\tau$. Let $T\colon M\to M$ be a completely positive, normal map. Can $T$ be extended to a `positively linear map' ...
Tomasz Kania's user avatar
  • 11.3k
8 votes
0 answers
189 views

Hilbert spaces over the semi-field $\mathbb R_+$

Let $\mathbb R_+$ be the semi-field of non-negative real numbers. Definition (preliminary): A Hilbert space over $\mathbb R_+$ is a pair $(H,P)$, where $H$ is a complex Hilbert space, and $P\subset H$...
André Henriques's user avatar
7 votes
0 answers
237 views

Ample divisors on $T$-varieties

Question: how does one use a torus action to help decide whether a divisor or line bundle is ample? In more detail: I have a (normal, but usually rather singular) $T$-variety $X$, where $T$ is an ...
Geordie Williamson's user avatar
7 votes
0 answers
182 views

Positivity of certain polynomial coefficients

Consider the rational functions (in fact, polynomials) $$F_n(q)=\frac1{(1-q)^{2n}}\sum_{k=0}^n(-q)^k\frac{2k+1}{n+k+1}\binom{2n}{n-k} \prod_{j=0,\,j\neq k}^n\frac{1+q^{2j+1}}{1+q}.$$ The numbers $\...
T. Amdeberhan's user avatar
6 votes
0 answers
189 views

Extension of positive functionals

Let $X$ be a function space as $C(K)$ or $L^p$, with its usual norm and order, that is $f \le g$ if and only if $f(x) \le g(x)$ for a.e. $x$. If $M$ is a subspace of $X$ and $L:M \to \bf R$ is a ...
Giorgio Metafune's user avatar
6 votes
0 answers
114 views

$\ell^\infty / ces_0$ as an ordered Banach space

Let $ces_0:=\{\xi\in\ell^\infty : \lim_{n\to \infty}\frac{1}{n}\sum_{k=1}^{n}\xi_k=0\}$ and $q:\ell^\infty \to \ell^\infty/ces_0$ be the usual quotient map. The space $ces_0$ is closed in $\ell^\...
Miek Messerschmidt's user avatar
6 votes
0 answers
112 views

Positive splitting of Sobolev convergence

Let $f,g,h \in H^1(\mathbb{R}^n)$ be non-negative Sobolev functions such that $f^2 = g^2 + h^2$. Let also $\{f_k\} \subseteq H^1(\mathbb{R}^n)$ be non-negative Sobolev functions such that $f_k \to f$ ...
Hugo's user avatar
  • 201
6 votes
0 answers
115 views

Recursions which define polynomials?

Let $k$ be a positive integer and let $$h(n,k,q)=\frac{1-(1+q^{k})q^{2k(n-1)+1}+q^{2}}{1-q^{2n-1}}h(n-1,k,q)-\frac{(1-q^{k(2n-3)})(1-q^{2k(n-1)})q^2}{(1-q^{2n-1})(1-q^{2n-3})}h(n-2,k,q)$$ with ...
Johann Cigler's user avatar
6 votes
0 answers
535 views

(Relative) ampleness on algebraic spaces

This is a follow-up (of sorts) to this question. Let $f : X \to T$ be a proper morphism of schemes. Then the notion of a relative ample (or $f$-ample) line bundle can be defined in several ...
Rhys Davies's user avatar
6 votes
0 answers
435 views

Do there exist weak Lefschetz-type statements that were proved for varieties over complex numbers, but were not proved in finite characteristic?

As far as I understood the situation (reading section 3.5B of Lazarsfeld's "Positivity in algebraic geometry" and also some of the references), some of weak Lefschetz-type statements known rely on '...
Mikhail Bondarko's user avatar
5 votes
0 answers
100 views

Reference request: a survey of (linear) Krein-Rutman theory

I'm looking for a survey article or book chapter where a rather exhaustive treatment of the Krein-Rutman theory of positive linear operators an ordered Banach spaces is given. Motivation. Some ...
Jochen Glueck's user avatar
5 votes
0 answers
278 views

When is the strict transform of very ample divisor ample?

Let $X$ be a projective variety and $Y \subset X$ is a very ample divisor on $X$. Let $Z \subset X$ be a regular subvariety (but $X$ need not be regular along $Z$) of codimension $2$ and $\pi:\tilde{X}...
Ron's user avatar
  • 2,116
5 votes
0 answers
354 views

Non-linear positive map

In the paper titled "Nonlinear completely positive maps" M. D. Choi and T. Ando extended natural definition of completely positive maps ignoring the linearity condition (Aspects of positivity in ...
RSG's user avatar
  • 421
5 votes
0 answers
243 views

A weak Perron-Frobenius property for sets of positive matrices

A popular form of the Perron-Frobenius theorem states the following result: if $A$ is a $d \times d$ real matrix all of whose entries are positive, then the spectral radius of $A$ is a simple ...
Ian Morris's user avatar
  • 6,176
5 votes
0 answers
130 views

Notions of positivity for q-polynomials

What are some existing notions of positivity (or nonnegativity) for $\mathbf{R}[q]$ such that all $q$-integers $[n]_q = 1+q+...+q^{n-1}$ are positive, as well as all polynomials that can be expressed ...
James Propp's user avatar
  • 19.4k
4 votes
0 answers
301 views

Positivity of a finite sum involving Stirling numbers of the first kind

Past days I've been trying to prove that certain polynomials have positive coefficients. After a lot of thinking, I came up with a formula for each coefficient individually, and they are not that ugly....
Luis Ferroni's user avatar
  • 1,879
4 votes
0 answers
113 views

Positivity of q-analogs of central binomial coefficients?

With the usual $q-$notations $[n]_q=1+q+\cdots+q^{n-1}=\frac{\,\,1-q^n}{1-q},$ $[n]_q!=[1]_q[2]_q\cdots[n]_q$ and $\binom{n}k_q=\frac{[n]_q!}{[k]_q!\cdot[n-k]_q!}$ let $$b(n,k,r,q)=\det\left(q^{r\...
Johann Cigler's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
209 views

Do these cousins of permanents satisfy the following inequality?

Let $H$ denote an $n$ by $n$ hermitian positive semidefinite matrix. Let $G$ and $K$ be two subgroups of the symmetric group $\Sigma_n$. Define $$ f_{G, K}(H) = \sum_{(\sigma, \tau) \in G \times K} \...
Malkoun's user avatar
  • 4,981
3 votes
0 answers
259 views

Inequalities involving traces of products of hermitian positive semidefinite matrices

$\DeclareMathOperator{\tr}{tr}$ Fix an integer $n \geq 2$. Let $A_1, \dotsc, A_n$ be hermitian positive semidefinite matrices, with each $A_i$ being $m$ by $m$. Consider the symmetric group $S_n$ on $...
Malkoun's user avatar
  • 4,981
3 votes
1 answer
218 views

Cofactor matrices and positive semi-definiteness

If $A$ is an $n\times n$ matrix with real entries, let me write $\widehat A$ its cofactor matrix. Since the map $A\mapsto\widehat A$ is polynomial, homogeneous of degree $n-1$, it can be multi-...
Denis Serre's user avatar
  • 51.5k
3 votes
0 answers
50 views

Modular counting of integral points under sparse non-negativity

Given a polyhedron $$Ax\geq b$$ where every entry of $A,b$ are non-negative and $A\in\{0,1\}^{m\times n}$ and there are $O(1)$ (say $\leq8$) non-negative entries per row of $A$ is it possible to ...
Turbo's user avatar
  • 13.6k
3 votes
0 answers
70 views

Schur positive expression involving border-strip tableaux

Recall the power-sum expansion of Schur functions, $$ s_\lambda = \sum_\mu \chi^{\lambda}(\mu) \frac{p_\mu}{z_\mu}, $$ in terms of Sn-character. These can be calculated by the Murnaghan-Nakayama rule, ...
Per Alexandersson's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
248 views

On the existence of fixed points of a matrix iteration

Let $A\in\mathbb{R}^{n\times n}$ be a Hurwitz stable matrix (i.e. all eigenvalues of $A$ have negative real part). Let $\succeq$ denote the standard partial order in the cone of positive semidefinite ...
Ludwig's user avatar
  • 2,682
3 votes
0 answers
150 views

Quadratic forms over symmetric $3\times3$ matrices

This question is motivated by a technique called compensated compactness (CC), which was elaborated by L. Tartar and F. Murat for the analysis of PDEs. The foreword of CC is a problem about quadratic ...
Denis Serre's user avatar
  • 51.5k
3 votes
0 answers
125 views

Proving non-negativity of a hypergeometric type sum

I am trying to prove the following inequality: $$ \sum\limits_{k=0}^{m}\frac{(a)_k(a+\mu)_{m-k}}{(c)_k(c+\mu)_{m-k}}\binom{m}{k}(m-2k+\mu)\geq{0}, $$ where $(a)_0=1$, $(a)_k=a(a+1)\cdots(a+k-1)$ is ...
Dmitry Karp's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
136 views

Surfaces with $\Omega_X$ big are of general type

Given a complete algebraic variety $X$ over $\mathbb{C}$ and a vector bundle $E$ of rank $r$, let $\Omega(X,E)$ denote the graded ring $\bigoplus_{m\ge 0}H^0(X,S^mE)$, and define $$\lambda(E,X)=\...
astana's user avatar
  • 41
2 votes
0 answers
193 views

Bounds on the coin-flipping degree

Let $p(\lambda)$ be a polynomial that maps the closed unit interval to itself and satisfies $0\lt p(\lambda)\lt 1$ whenever $0\lt\lambda\lt 1$. The polynomial can be written in power form: $$p(\lambda)...
Peter O.'s user avatar
  • 637
2 votes
0 answers
51 views

Does there always exist a(n uniform) polynomial that makes a positive definite symmetric matrix with polynomial entries into a sum of squares?

Suppose that I have a square and positive definite for every evaluation $x\in\mathbb{R}^{n}$ symmetric matrix $M(x)\in(\mathbb{R}[x])^{s\times s}.$ Does there always exist a polynomial $p(x)\in\...
Hvjurthuk's user avatar
  • 573
2 votes
0 answers
147 views

Structure of the big cone and Seshadri constant on Fano manifolds

I would like to know something about the following two questions. Given $X$ Fano manifold and $L$ an ample line bundle on $X$, we define \begin{gather} \sigma(L,x):=\sup\{t>0\, :\, \mu^{*}L-tE \,\,...
Trusio's user avatar
  • 71
2 votes
0 answers
154 views

Formula for a completely positive map

Is there a family of completely positive maps $L(A,B)$ depending continuously on two nonzero, symmetric positive semidefinite $n\times n$ matrices $A$ and $B$, such that $L(A,B)$ maps $A$ to $B$ and ...
Arnold Neumaier's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
171 views

Vanishing of a global sections space

Let $X\hookrightarrow\mathbb P^n_k$ be a projective variety over $k$ of degree $\delta$ with respect to $\mathcal O(1)$, $x\in X(k)$ be a regular rational point (I think a closed point is also OK). ...
var's user avatar
  • 403
2 votes
0 answers
114 views

Do integral curves on simple abelian surfaces define big line bundles?

Let $A$ be a simple abelian surface over $\mathbb{C}$. Let $C\subset A$ be an irreducible and reduced one-dimensional closed subscheme. Since $A$ is simple, the normalization of $C$ is of genus at ...
Gonal_curve's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
93 views

Reference request: Positive solution of positive system of linear equations

Let $A \in \mathbb{R}^{n\times n}$ be an invertible matrix with positive entries, and $b \in \mathbb{R}^n$ a vector with positive entries. When does $A^{-1}b$ have all positive entries? I am looking ...
Elias Strehle's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
186 views

Sums of hermitian squares in free abelian group algebras and real positive semidefinite matrices

A little context for the following question, first. As Noah Stein notes in a comment below, the present question is closely related to the free semialgebraic geometry studied by Helton and his ...
Jon Bannon's user avatar
  • 6,977
1 vote
0 answers
78 views

Finding a functional that stays non-negative on a particular subset of $L^2[0, 1]$

Start with the Hilbert space $L^2([0, 1])$ with Lebesgue measure. Fix some Borel-to-Borel measurable function $f: [0, 1] \times [0, 1] \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$. I present 4 scenarios, each more ...
Daniel Goc's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
135 views

Cofactor an geometrical mean in $\mathit{SPD}_3$: a Gårding-like inequality

The cofactor map $A\mapsto\widehat A$ is polynomial homogeneous of degree $n-1$ over $\mathbf M_n({\mathbb R})$. It can be polarized into an $(n-1)$-linear symmetric map. When $n=3$, this provides a ...
Denis Serre's user avatar
  • 51.5k
1 vote
0 answers
43 views

Detecting non-negativity of a single constraint by polyhedral constraints - $II$

Let $$\langle a,x\rangle=b$$ be a linear constraint where $x\in\mathbb R^n$ and every entry in $a=(a_1,\dots,a_n)$ is in $\mathbb Z_{\geq0}^{n}$ (non-negative) and the entry $b$ is in $\mathbb Z_{\...
Turbo's user avatar
  • 13.6k
1 vote
0 answers
135 views

Preserving the strictly total positivity of special bases by using radial basis functions

Let $\left[\alpha,\beta\right]$ be a non-empty interval and consider an $\left(n+1\right)$-dimensional subspace $\mathbb{S}_{n}$ of $C^n\left(\left[\alpha,\beta\right]\right)$ such that $\mathbb{S}_{n}...
student's user avatar
  • 31
1 vote
0 answers
31 views

Non Negative Tensor Tucker Decomposition Error Degradation

I have been working on iterative decomposition methods of tensors with non negativity constraints. I have noticed that $\textbf{N}$on negative $\textbf{T}$ensor $\textbf{F}$actorization "NTF" which is ...
Mour_Ka's user avatar
  • 111
1 vote
0 answers
30 views

Extending the projective action of several positive linear maps to a complex neighbourhood

I am currently reading a paper which, somewhat indirectly, asserts the following result: Lemma: Let $\Delta \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ denote the simplex $\{(x_1,\ldots,x_d):\sum_{i=1}^d x_i=1\}$, let $...
Ian Morris's user avatar
  • 6,176
0 votes
0 answers
39 views

Find condition on signed matrix $A$ such that $\sum_jA_{ij}\cos(\theta_i-\theta_j)\geq 0$ implies $\sum_j\cos(\theta_i-\theta_j)\geq 0$?

As stated in the title, My question is: Suppose $\sum_jA_{ij}\sin(\theta_i-\theta_j)=0,\forall i\in[n]$. How to find condition on symmetric, diagonal-free, signed matrix $A$ ($A_{ij}=+1$ or $-1$ if $i\...
tony's user avatar
  • 349
0 votes
0 answers
65 views

Non-proper orthant automorphisms

Given a real vector space $V$ of dimension $d$, it is known that the automorphism Lie group of the nonnegative orthant $\mathcal{O}^+_d$ can be described just as $$\mathrm{Aut}(\mathcal{O}^+_d)=\...
Nicolas Medina Sanchez's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
67 views

Formulas involving traces of products of singular hermitian positive semidefinite $2$ by $2$ matrices

While working on the Atiyah problem on configurations of points, I came across formulas involving products of traces of products of singular hermitian positive semidefinite $2$ by $2$ matrices. To ...
Malkoun's user avatar
  • 4,981
0 votes
0 answers
116 views

Spectral projection of a positive operator

Let $(X,K)$ be a partially ordered Banach space where the cone $K$ is generating and normal. Suppose $B$ is a bounded operator on $X$ such that $B(K)\subseteq K$, the spectral radius $\rho(B)=1$ and ...
La Rias's user avatar
  • 101
0 votes
0 answers
151 views

Continuity under various topologies for positive linear functionals

It is known that if $\mathcal A$ is a unital $\mathbb C$-$*$-algebra and $A$ is a unital subalgebra closed under $*$, and if $f : A \to \mathbb C$ is linear, then $f$ is positive if and only if $f$ is ...
Alex M.'s user avatar
  • 5,197
0 votes
0 answers
85 views

Show that a certain ratio of diagonal entries dominates a certain ratio of singular values

Let $D=[d_{ij}]_{i,j=1,\ldots,4}$ be a $4 \times 4$ “density matrix”, that is, a Hermitian (possibly symmetric) positive definite matrix having trace 1—that is, the (nonnegative) diagonal entries sum ...
Paul B. Slater's user avatar