Questions tagged [inequalities]
for questions involving inequalities, upper and lower bounds.
411
questions with no upvoted or accepted answers
21
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0
answers
855
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Noncommutative arithmetic mean geometric mean inequality and symmetric polynomials
While analyzing convergence speed of stochastic-gradient methods for convex optimization problems, Recht et al (2011) posed a tantalizing conjecture. It seems quite tricky, so after having struggled a ...
16
votes
0
answers
373
views
An inequality for matrix norms
Working on a problem in combinatorics I come up with the following inequality on matrix norms, which I checked it also numerically:
Let $A=(a_{ij})$ be a real symmetric $n\times n$ matrix with ...
16
votes
1
answer
705
views
Inequalities for marginals of distribution on hyperplane
Let $H = \{ (a,b,c) \in \mathbb{Z}_{\geq 0}^3 : a+b+c=n \}$. If we have a probability distribution on $H$, we can take its marginals onto the $a$, $b$ and $c$ variables and obtain three probability ...
16
votes
0
answers
780
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Determinant inequality involving Hermitian, positive definite matrices
Let $A,B,C\in M_{n}(\mathbb C)$ be Hermitian and positive-definite matrices such that $A+B+C=I_{n}$.
Show that
$$\det\left(6(A^3+B^3+C^3)+I_{n}\right)\ge 5^n\det(A^2+B^2+C^2)$$
This question has been ...
15
votes
0
answers
740
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Prove $\int_{0}^{\infty} \cos(\omega x) \exp(-x^{\alpha}) \, {\rm d} x \ge {\alpha^2 \sqrt{\pi} \over 8} \exp \left( -\frac{\omega^2}{4} \right)$
I would like to prove that
$$\int_{0}^{\infty} \cos(\omega x) \exp(-x^{\alpha}) \, {\rm d} x \ge
{\alpha^2 \sqrt{\pi} \over 8} \exp \left( -\frac{\omega^2}{4} \right)$$
for any $\omega > 0$ and $...
14
votes
0
answers
1k
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Nice proof of inequality $(1-x^p)^{1/p}(1-x^q)^{1/q}\ge (1-x)(1+x^c)^{1/c}$ where $2^{1/c} = p^{1/p} q^{1/q}$?
Let $0\leq x < 1$, $1 \leq p < \infty$ and $q$ be the conjugate exponent defined by
$$1/p + 1/q = 1.$$
I am looking for a nice proof that
$$ \frac{(1-x^p)^{1/p}(1-x^q)^{1/q}}{(1-x)(1+x^c)^{1/...
12
votes
0
answers
217
views
Which ordering of factors is needed to obtain this kind of determinantal inequalities?
Let $A$ and $B$ be $n\times n$ Hermitian positive definite matrices. The curious determinantal inequality given here, which can be stated as $$\det (A^{4}+ ABBA+BAAB+B^{4})\ge\det(A^{4}+ AABB+BBAA+B^{...
11
votes
0
answers
290
views
$L_2$ minimizing makespan vs. $L_\infty$ minimizing makespan
There are $n$ positive real numbers. We partition these numbers into $m$ parts, the size of each part is the sum the numbers in this part. Maximum size of the parts is called a makespan of a partition....
9
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0
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278
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Inequality for symmetric polynomial functions of log concave variables
Let $(x_i)_{i \ge 1}$ be a log-concave (resp. log-convex) sequence of non-negative real variables. In other words, for $i \ge 2$, we have $x_i^2 \ge x_{i-1}x_{i+1}$ (resp. $x_i^2 \le x_{i-1}x_{i+1}$).
...
9
votes
0
answers
673
views
Van der Pol's identity for the sum of divisors and a quartic polynomial equation for odd perfect numbers
In Touchard (1953) it is mentioned that the sum of divisors $\sigma(n)$ satisfies the following recurrence relation ($n>1$):
$$n^2(n-1) = \frac{6}{\sigma(n)} \sum_{k=1}^{n-1}(3n^2-10k^2)\sigma(k)\...
9
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0
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4k
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Is the conjecture A+B=C following correct?
Is the conjecture on A+B=C following correct ?
Conjecture: Let $A, B, C$ be three positive integer numbers such that $A+B=C$ with $\gcd(A, B, C) = 1$. By Fundamental theorem of arithmetic we write:
$...
9
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0
answers
354
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How to count integer lattice points close to a subspace of $\mathbb R^n$?
Consider $m$ linearly independent vectors in $n$-dimensional Euclidean space, $v_1,...,v_m \in \mathbb R^n$ where $1\leq m<n$, and let $U := {\rm span}(v_1,...,v_m)$ denote the $m$-dimensional ...
9
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772
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Isoperimetric inequality, isodiametric inequality, hyperplane conjecture... what are the inequalities of this kind known or conjectured?
I duplicate here a question I asked on math.stackexchange.
Question: Which inequalities similar to the famous isoperimetric inequality is known?
conjectured?
I recently learned about some ...
9
votes
0
answers
517
views
Getting a bound via polynomial equations
When studying the existence problem of power residue deference sets, I came across the following system of polynomial equations over $\mathbb{C}$,
\begin{cases}
&\sum\limits_{j=0}^{m-1}x_jx_{2k-j}=...
8
votes
0
answers
327
views
Bounding a sum of reciprocals of square-free integers
(Cross-posted from MSE, as the question did not get any clear answer)
Fix positive integers $k$ and $n$. Let $N_1,\dots,N_r$ be all the integers less than or equal to $n$ that are squarefree and have ...
8
votes
0
answers
374
views
When do we have $\|X - Y\| = \|\Sigma(X) - \Sigma(Y)\|$?
For any $X \in \mathbb{C}^{m\times n}$, let $\Sigma(X)$ be the "middle factor" in its SVD, so that $X = U\Sigma(X) V^H$ and the diagonal of $\Sigma(X)$ is arranged in descending order.
...
8
votes
1
answer
449
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How large can the dimension of a 'Span of powers of a finite field basis' be?
Let $p$ be a prime. For finite field $\mathbb{F}_{p^k}$ and $d\in\mathbb{Z}^+$, I am considering the following quantity, where we interpret the field $\mathbb{F}_{p^k}$ also as a $\mathbb{F}_p$-vector ...
8
votes
0
answers
394
views
Eigenvalues of cyclic stochastic matrices
Let's consider the following $n \times n$ cyclic stochastic matrix
$$ M= \begin{pmatrix}
0 & a_2 & & & &b_n \\\
b_1 & 0& a_3& &&& \\\
& b_2 & ...
8
votes
0
answers
351
views
How localized can a polynomial be in the L1 norm?
Let $0<s<2$ be a parameter, $\Omega = [-1,1]$, and $\Omega_s\subset \Omega$ be a set of measure $s$. I would like to bound the following ratio from above:
$$\sup_{p\in\mathcal{P}_n} \frac{\...
8
votes
0
answers
476
views
Strange determinant inequality $\det(C+ xA) \det(C-xA) \le (\det C)^2$
Let $A$ be an all-one $3$-by-$3$ matrix, let $C$ be a $3$-by-$3$ matrix, and let $x$ be a real number. How might one prove the following inequality?
$$\det(C+ xA) \det(C-xA) \le (\det C)^2$$
7
votes
0
answers
200
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Li-Yau inequality on $\mathbb R^2$ for functions that are somewhat close to $1$
Let $u:\mathbb R^2\times \mathbb R_{>0}\to \mathbb R_{>0}$ be a positive solution to the heat equation on $\mathbb R^2$ ($u_{xx}+u_{yy}=u_t$, no constants). The Li-Yau inequality in this case ...
7
votes
0
answers
219
views
Loomis-Whitney versus Gagliardo inequalities
When searching for a reference, I discovered a curious fact about the Wikipedia page concerning the Loomis-Whitney Inequality (LWI).This page, which exists only in an English version, states that the ...
7
votes
0
answers
563
views
A rank inequality
Suppose
$$M := \begin{bmatrix}
M_{11} & \cdots &M_{1d} \\
\vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\
M_{d1} & \cdots & M_{dd}
\end{bmatrix}$$
is a $d \times d$ block matrix such that
$$M_{...
7
votes
0
answers
311
views
An inequality which involves a sum of integrals
Please help me to prove
$$
\sum\limits_{j=2}^n \frac{1}{j^\alpha (j-1)^\alpha} \int\limits_{j-1}^j \frac{dx}{x^{1-\alpha}(n-x)^\alpha} \leq \int\limits_0^1 \frac{dx}{x^{1-\alpha}(n-x)^\alpha},\quad \...
7
votes
0
answers
716
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Inequality between incomplete beta and gamma functions; or when is binomial distribution function above/below its limiting Poisson
Please note: this question was posted first (September 4) in math.stackeschange.com and then (September 16) in stats.stackeschange.com. It got no answers in neither of those sites.
Let the ...
7
votes
0
answers
483
views
A curious inequality
Let $r_k>0$ for $k = 1,\ldots, n$, let $\alpha_k, \beta_k\in \mathbb{R}$ be given such that
$|\alpha_k|\le \beta_k\le \frac{\pi}{2}$. Suppose further that
$\left|\sum\limits_{k=1}^nr_ke^{i(\...
6
votes
0
answers
651
views
Sophomore dream, sine, and the golden ratio
It's an inequality I found nice let me propose it :
$$\int_0^\infty \sin\left(x^{-x}\right) \, dx<\varphi=\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2} \tag I$$
My attempt :
First of all I recall two facts :
Fact 1
$$\...
6
votes
0
answers
116
views
Weak-type inequality for the partial Fourier sum operator
I'm studying harmonic analysis by myself. One of the online notes gives the following claim as a remark:
For any $N \in \mathbb{Z}^{+}$, let's use $S_{N}$ to denote the partial ($N$ terms) Fourier sum ...
6
votes
1
answer
430
views
What inequalities for convex sets are known since the work of Scott and Awyong?
In 2000, Paul R. Scott and Poh Way Awyong published the paper Inequalities for Convex Sets, which nicely collates the known results relating various natural geometric functionals (diameter, area, etc.)...
6
votes
0
answers
316
views
An inequality related to the numbers of faces of polytopes with d+2 facets
I would like to prove an inequality related to the number of $k$-faces of two $d$-polytopes with $d+2$ facets; see (1) below.
Let $r>0$, $s>0$, $t\ge 0$, and $d\ge 2$ be such that $d=r+s+t$. We ...
6
votes
0
answers
128
views
Q-analogue of an inequality
Pick integers $b\geq a \geq 0$ and $k\geq j\geq 0$.
It is not super-difficult to prove the inequality
$$
\binom{kb}{ka}^j \geq \binom{jb}{ja}^k.
$$
This is actually quite a nice inequality that was ...
6
votes
0
answers
126
views
A reference for an integrability property?
In a recent paper of mine (Compensated integrability), I established a functional inequality which has nice consequences. For instance, it contains the isoperimetric inequality, and it gives a new ...
6
votes
0
answers
222
views
An inequality in cyclic polygon and tangential polygon
I proposed my conjecture, it is strengthened version of the Erdős–Mordell inequality as following:
Let $A_1A_2.....A_n$ be a cyclic polygon and $B_1B_2....B_n$ be the its tangential polygon. Let P be ...
6
votes
0
answers
563
views
Lower bound on the sum of singular values for a sum of Hermitian matrices
Denote the eigenvalues of an $n\times n$ matrix $\mathbf{X}$ by $\lambda_i(\mathbf{X})$ and its singular values by $\sigma_i(\mathbf{X})$, $i=1,\ldots,n$. When $\mathbf{X}$ is Hermitian, we know that $...
6
votes
0
answers
238
views
Operator arithmetic-harmonic mean inequality with operator-valued weights
Let $\Lambda_1,\dots,\Lambda_n$ be strictly positive definite operators in the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$. By an operator arithmetic-harmonic mean inequality with weights $\Lambda_i$ I mean the ...
6
votes
0
answers
626
views
Counting permutation matrices in 0,1,2 matrices
Let $M$ be a matrix with entries equal to 0, 1 or 2, such that all of the row and column sums are equal to $c$.
The Van der Waerden bound gives (roughly) the following bound on the permanent of $M$:
...
5
votes
0
answers
163
views
Monotonicity of ratio of symmetric polynomials
The complete homogeneous symmetric polynomials of degree $\ell$ in $n$ variables are defined by
\begin{equation*}
h_{\ell}(x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n) = \sum_{1 \leq i_1 \leq i_2 \leq \ldots \leq i_{\ell} \...
5
votes
0
answers
159
views
Is there a sharper Golden–Thompson inequality?
For any two Hermitian matrices $A$ and $B$, the Golden–Thompson inequality
$$\mathrm{Tr} (e^A e^B) \geq \mathrm{Tr} \, e^{A + B}$$
holds, and it is known to be a strict inequality whenever $[A, B] \...
5
votes
0
answers
340
views
Extending Gromov's inequality
In 1981 Gromov proved that all Riemannian metrics on the complex projective space $\mathbb CP^n$ satisfy the bound
$$\DeclareMathOperator{stsys}{stsys} \DeclareMathOperator{vol}{vol}
\frac{\stsys_2^n}{...
5
votes
0
answers
139
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Log Sobolev inequality uniform in parameters
Fix a positive integer $N$. For $\theta \in [0,2\pi]$, set $\sigma_k(\theta) :=(\cos(k\theta),\sin(k\theta)) \in S^1$ for each integer $1\leq k\leq N$. Now for vectors $x_1,\ldots,x_N\in \mathbb{R}^2$,...
5
votes
0
answers
232
views
On the weighted Hilbert inequality a la Montgomery and Vaughan
The weighted Hilbert inequality estimates the norm of the skew-hermitian matrix
$$B :=\left[ \frac{\delta_m^{1/2} \delta_n^{1/2}}{x_m-x_n} \right]_{m,n}$$
on $\ell_2$, where $x_1,\ldots$ is a finite ...
5
votes
0
answers
238
views
Equality from the Grothendieck inequality
I asked the following question on math.stackexchange.com but have not received any response. So I would like to try my luck here.
This question is related to the Grothendieck inequality. Let field $\...
5
votes
0
answers
683
views
Gershgorin's 2nd theorem (disjoint circles): elementary proof?
Let $A \in \mathbb{C}^{n\times n}$ be a complex matrix. We let $a_{i,j}$ be the $\left(i,j\right)$-th entry of $A$ for all $i, j \in \left[n\right]$ (where $\left[n\right]$ denotes $\left\{1,2,\ldots,...
5
votes
0
answers
152
views
Inequality for functions on $[0,\infty)$
Let $0<q<1$ and $\varphi(q;x)=\displaystyle \prod_{j=0}^\infty (1+q^jx),\;x\geqslant 0.$ Consider the following functions:
$$l_k(x;q):=\frac{q^{k(k-1)/2} x^k}{(1-q)(1-q^2)\dots (1-q^k)\varphi(x;...
5
votes
0
answers
266
views
An integral trigonometric inequality
Problem 1. Suppose that $\xi>0$ and $\sin(2\xi)<0$.
Let $$b_\nu=(N-v+1)\tfrac{\pi}{\xi}\quad\mbox{for}\quad\nu=1,\dots,N:=\big[\tfrac{\xi}{\pi}\big].$$
Prove that
$$\mathrm{sgn}(\sin \xi)\...
5
votes
0
answers
298
views
In arbitrary cyclic polygon then $\sum_{i<j} x_{ij}^\alpha \ge \sum_{i<j} y_{ij}^\alpha $
I am looking for a proof of the inequality as follows:
Conjecture: Let $A_1A_2....A_n$ be the regular polygon incribed a circle $(O)$. Let $B_1B_2....B_n$ be a polygon incribed the circle $(O)...
5
votes
0
answers
558
views
A minimal eigenvalue inequality
Suppose $A$ is an $n\times n$ real symmetric positive definite matrix. Let $A^{(-1)}_{i,j}$ be the $n\times n$ matrix the entries $(i,i),\,(i,j),\,(j,i),\,(j,j)$ of which equal to the corresponding ...
5
votes
0
answers
834
views
Anti-concentration inequality for Gaussian random vector
I am trying to obtain an explicit expression for $C$ in terms of $b$ in the following inequality.
Suppose that $Y$ is a centred Gaussian random vector in $\mathbb R^p$ such that $\operatorname EY_j^...
5
votes
0
answers
168
views
Inequality about moments of a random variable and of its conditional expectation
This is a follow-up to a question I asked earlier: Moments of a random variable and of its conditional expectation
My claim turned out to be false. Here is a new claim.
Let $X$ be a bounded random ...
5
votes
0
answers
289
views
inequality in a shape of inclusion exclusion formula
I have two inequalities to show, both of which describe some probabilities. First I know how to handle, and it follows from applying arithmetic-harmonic mean inequality:
consider 9 numbers $a_1,a_2,...