Questions tagged [fourier-analysis]
The representation of functions (or objects which are in some generalize the notion of function) as constant linear combinations of sines and cosines at integer multiples of a given frequency, as Fourier transforms or as Fourier integrals.
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Low-degree polynomial approximation of the piecewise-linear function $x \mapsto \max(x, 0)$ on an interval $x \in [-R,R]$
For $R > 0$, consider the piecewise-linear function $\sigma_R: [-R,R] \rightarrow \mathbb R^+$, defined by $\sigma_R(x) := \max(x,0)$.
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Given $\epsilon> 0$, find a "low-degree" ...
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Origin of the convolution theorem
I am a chemist, with some interest in signal processing. Sometimes, we use the deconvolution process to remove the instruments response from the desired signals. I am looking for the earliest ...
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Is there a Poisson Summation formula for imprimitive Dirichlet characters?
I was wondering if there exists a Poisson Summation formula (like the one existing with primitive character) for imprimitive Dirichlet characters ?
For a primitive Dirichlet character $\chi$ we have:
...
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Computing zeta(k), for k odd, using Fourier coefficients
I'm not really sure what topics exactly this falls under, so I apologize if I've misclassified this question.
There is a neat way of computing $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n^{2}}$ using Fourier ...
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Trigonometric cancellation on the unit circle
Let $z \in \mathbb{C}$ with $|z|=1$ and $z\ne 1$. Now consider the sum
$$S(N,p)=\sum_{k=0}^N k^p z^k,$$
for some positive integers $N,p$.
An immediate upper bound on $|S(N,p)|$ is
$$|S(N,p)|\le C_1(...
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Norms of the Dirichlet kernel
I guess that the following estimates are classical. Let $D_N$ be the $1D$ Dirichlet kernel,
$$
D_N(t)=\frac{\sin((N+\frac12)t)}{\sin (t/2)}.
$$
We have for $1<p<\infty$,
\begin{align}
\Vert D_N\...
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$L^1$ norm of oscillatory integral operator
My question is about the $L^1_x$ norm of an oscillatory integral like
$$ \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} e^{i(y\cdot x+\lambda \phi(y))}f(y)dy,$$ where $\lambda \in \mathbb{R}$, $f\in C^{\infty}_c(\mathbb{R}^n)$ ...
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Orthogonality relation in $L^2$ implying periodicity
Let $\theta(t)$ and $\phi(t)$ be two real $C^1$ functions $[0,2\pi]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$. Let us assume $\theta$ has the properties
$$
\int_0^{2\pi} e^{i\theta(t)} dt=0.
$$
Geometrically this means ...
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Fractional Schrödinger equation
Let $\mathcal{F}$ denotes the Fourier transform.
It is known that $\mathcal{F}(e^{-4\pi^2 i t |x|^2})(\xi)= e^{i |\xi|^2/4t}{(4\pi i t)^{-n/2}} \ (x, \xi\in \mathbb R^n).$
My question is: what is ...
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Uniform convergence of generalised Fourier series
Suppose $u_n$ is an orthonormal basis of smooth functions on $S^1$.
Does there exist a smooth function $u$ such that the generalised Fourier series
$$u=\sum_{n\in\mathbb{N}} \langle u,u_n\rangle u_n ...
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Some sums related to a quadratic polynomial over $\mathbb{F}_2^n$
For any $c \in \mathbb{F}_2^n$ define $\sigma_c: \mathbb{F}_2^n \to \mathbb{F}_2$ the quadratic polynomial defined for $v = (v_1,v_2,...,v_n)$ by:
$$ \sigma_c (v) = \sum_{i=1}^n v_iv_{i+1} + c_iv_i $...
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Is the regularization of a Fourier transform unique?
The Fourier transform of the Coulomb potential $1/\vert \mathbf r \vert$ of an electric charge doesn't converge because one obtains
$$F(k)=\frac {4\pi}{k} \int_0^\infty \sin(kr) dr.$$
The standard ...
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Equidistribution of linear forms over euclidean ball
Given a vector $v\in \mathbb{Z}^d\setminus\{0\}$, an irrational number $\eta$ and some big $M>0$ what type of bound can one get on $$\sum_{w\in \mathbb{Z}^d\cap B(0, M)}\exp(2\pi i \eta \cdot \...
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The first zero-crossing of a combination of sines
Let $\{c_i\}_{i=1}^n$ be a sequence of real numbers such that $c_i \geq 0$ for each $i$ and $\sum_{i=1}^n c_i = 1$. Let $\omega_i \in [\delta, \Delta]$ for each $i$, where $\delta$ and $\Delta$ are ...
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Convergence of prime power Fourier series
Let $p_n$ be the $n$-th prime number, $n = 1, 2, \dots$
For which real values of $\mu$ does the Fourier series
$$\sum_{n=1}^\infty p_n^\mu e^{inx}$$
converge uniformly or absolutely in some non-...
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Fourier coeffients of Cantor measure
For $0<\theta<\frac{1}{2}$, denote by $\mu_\theta$ the uniform Cantor measure with dissection ratio $\theta$. It is not hard to show that the Fourier–Stieltjes transform of $\mu_\theta$ is
$$
\...
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Evaluating this limit in Fourier analysis
In my research work related to Fourier transform of the standard Cantor measure, I came across the following elementary problem:
For $k\geq 1$, let
$$
S_k=\sum_{m=0}^{3^k-1}\,\,\,\prod_{j=1}^\infty \...
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higher fourier analysis: splitting periodic parts and 'nilsequence' noise?
In Fourier Analysis notes by Terence Tao (and "algebraic" version by Balasz Szegedy) there seem to be two versions of Fourier analysis floating around:
To decompose periodic functions $L^...
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Solving Fractional Laplacian Equations with Boundary Condition
I'm attempting to solve a simple Dirichlet problem on the fractional Laplacian with boundary conditions:
$r^{+}(\nabla^s) v = f$
where $0 \leq s \leq 1/2$, $v$ is zero outside of $[0,1]$, $r^{+}$ ...
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Smoothness of a periodization [closed]
If you are given a smooth function, how to verify whether its priodization is well-defined and also smooth (or not)?
For instance, suppose, there is a series
$$
f(x) = \sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty}e^{-\...
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Determinant of $V^* V$ where $V$ is rectangular Vandermonde matrix with nodes on unit circle
Let $z_{1},\dots,z_{k}$
be distinct complex numbers with $\left|z_{j}\right|=1,\;j=1,\dots,k$. For any natural $N\geqslant k$
consider the rectangular Vandermonde matrix
$$
V_{N}=\begin{pmatrix}1 &...
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Asymptotics of a function from its Fourier transform
My question is: given a Fourier transform $\hat f$ of a function $f$, is it possible to estimate its asymptotic behaviour without performing the inverse transform?
Let me give a concrete example.
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Positivity of certain Fourier transform
Is the Fourier transform of the function
$$ f(\xi) = e^{-t|\xi|^{2m}}$$
positive for $t>0$ and $m \in \mathbb{N}_0$?
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Keeping $\max_{|t|\geq 1} |\widehat{\phi}(t)|$ small (uncertainty principle)
Let $\phi:\mathbb{R}\to \lbrack 0,\infty)$ be piecewise continuous, symmetric ($\phi(x)=\phi(-x)$) and with support on $(-1,1)$. Let $\Phi(x)=\int_{-\infty}^x \phi(u) du$; assume $\Phi(1)=1$.
What is ...
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Is the Fourier transform of $e^{-|x|^n}$ positive?
Let
$$\Phi(x) = \int_{\mathbf{R}^n} e^{-|y|^n +i (x,y)} dy.$$
Is $\Phi$ positive everywhere in $\mathbf{R}^n$?
Could someone helps me answer this question or gives a reference for it? Thanks.
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Absolute convergence of the Fourier series of a smooth adelic function
Let $f: \mathbb A/\mathbb Q \rightarrow \mathbb C$ be a smooth function. Smooth means that $f$ is continuous, smooth in the archimedean argument, for every $(x_0,y_0) \in \mathbb A = \mathbb R \...
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Fourier transform of a Lorentz invariant generalized function
Consider on $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ the indefinite quadratic form defining the Minkowski metric
$$B(p)=(p^0)^2-(p^1)^2-\dots-(p^n)^2.$$
Let $\mu$ be a generalized function on $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ which is ...
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Does this definition of the Fourier intensity measure make sense?
Let $\epsilon_n$ be a sequence in $\{-1,1\}^{\mathbb Z_+}$.
For simplicity, assume that $\epsilon_n$ is just the Thue-Morse sequence with symbols $1$ and $-1$ (although the following definition is ...
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What is the importance of convergence of variation of Fourier reconstruction to that of variation of the function?
Let $f$ be a periodic function of bounded variation which jumps at a point $x_0\in\mathbb{R}$. Let $S_{N}[f]$ denote the partial Fourier sum of $f$ and let $C_{N}[f]$ denote the Cesaro partial sum. It ...
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Abstract stationary phase
I have been reading Semi-classical analysis by Guillemin and Sternberg. At the end of Chapter 8, they gave an abstract version of the stationary phase method. I have a hard time figuring out what $a_i$...
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Can Gaussian measure be characterized by unitary representations?
It is well known that Fourier transform switches positive-definite functions with positive measures on a (locally compact topological) group. Further, the positive definite functions can be ...
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For which sets $E\subset \mathbb{Z}_n$ is $\widehat{1(E)}$ nonzero everywhere?
I apologise if this is well-known or straightforward.
Define the Fourier transform of the characteristic function of a subset $E\subseteq\mathbb{Z}_n$ by
$$
\widehat{1_E}(k)=\sum_{a \in E} \exp(-2 \...
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Fourier inversion formula for compactly supported distributions
I know that the Fourier transform of a compactly support distribution $u\in \mathscr{E}'(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ is smooth and also satisfies
$$
|\hat{u}(\xi)|\leqslant C_{N}(1+|\xi|)^N,\label{1}\tag{1}
$$
...
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Connection between Fourier analysis and Galois theory
Let $x\ \%\ m$ be the residue of $x$ modulo $m$, i.e.
$$x \equiv x\ \%\ m\pmod{m}$$
Let $\mu^n_m(x)$ denote multiplication by $n$ modulo $m$, i.e.
$$\mu^n_m(x) = nx\ \%\ m$$
Consider the Fourier ...
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self-dual integral transform
Is it possible to describe all integral transforms where the inverse transform is implemented by the same formula (with maybe a sign flipped somewhere). Fourier is such an example obviously. I am ...
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Questions concerning the Fourier analysis of $ nx\ \%\ m$
Let $x\ \%\ m$ be the residue of $x$ modulo $m$, i.e.
$$x \equiv x\ \%\ m\pmod{m}$$
The plots of the functions $f_{nm}(x) = nx\ \%\ m$ exhibit characteristic patterns, especially periods of length $...
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Averaged Parseval Relation for Sampling a Function on Integers
This was asked a long time ago on math.stackexchange with no answers.
Let $f:\mathbb{Z}\rightarrow \mathbb{C}.$ Assume that the support of $f$ is finite, say it is $[1,N],$ and that $\mid f\mid$ is ...
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Weighted reverse Poincare inequality over a function class of neural networks
We consider a probability measure supported on the whole space $\mathbb{R}^n$, whose density is $p(x)$. We also consider a (one-layer) neural network function class $\mathcal{C}$, whose elements have ...
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Shortcut from discrete Fourier transform F{x} to zero-padded F{x:0...0}
Summary:
Given $X$ (the discrete Fourier transform of some unknown vector $x$ of length $N$), is there any shortcut to computing $X'$ (the Fourier transform of $x$ after padding it with $N$ zeros)?
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Entire analytic functions with entire analytic Fourier transform, and corresponding distributions
I'm interested in the Fourier transform on a space of distributions that includes more than the usual tempered distributions, and in particular allows for $\delta$-distributions supported at complex ...
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Is there an "elegant" non-recursive formula for these coefficients? Also, how can one get proofs of these patterns?
Not sure if this is a "good" question for this forum or if it'll get panned, but here goes anyway...
Consider this problem. I've been trying to find a formula to expand the "regular iteration" of "...
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Show a convolution of distributions ε-close to min-entropy k is ε^t-close to min-entropy k
Assume $X_1,...,X_t$ are independent distributions on $\mathbb{Z}_2^n$ s.t. each $X_i$ is $\epsilon$-close to min-entropy $k$; i.e. there exist distributions $Y_1,...,Y_t$ on $\mathbb{Z}_2^n$ s.t:
$$ \...
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When does a continuous function's "Fourier series" converge pointwise almost everywhere to the function?
Let $G$ be a compact topological group. By the Peter-Weyl theorem, the complex Hilbert space $L^2(G)$ is the Hilbert space direct sum of the spaces of matrix coefficients of all the irreducible ...
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Range of the Fourier transform on $L^1$
It is well known that the Fourier transform $\mathcal{F}$ maps
$L^1(\mathbb{R}^d)$ into, but not onto, $\overline{C_0^0}(\mathbb{R}^d)$, where the closure is taken in the $L^\infty$ norm. This is a ...
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Divisor bound for $r_2$ off the origin
If $r_2(n)$ denotes the number of integer solutions to $a^2+b^2=n$, we have the "divisor bound" $r_2(n) = O(n^{\epsilon})$ for any $\epsilon>0$. Another way to state this is that the number of ...
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Are Stochastic Process Characterized by Their conditional Moments
Suppose that $X_t$ is a real-valued stochastic process. Then is $X_t$ characterized by it's conditional moments? In the sence that, if $Y_t$ is another process, such that
$$
\mathbb{E}\left[\int_s^T\...
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What's so special about the Orthonormal base $\{e_n\}$ of $L^2[0,1]$, where $e_n(x)=e^{2\pi i nx }$?
Let $f \in L^2([0,1])$ . Then Carleson's Theorem states that
$$\lim_{N\to \infty} \sum_{|n|<N} \langle f,e_n\rangle e_n(x)=f(x),\quad\text{a.e. } x\in[0,1],$$
where $\{e_n\}$ is the Orthonormal ...
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Bounds on the L^1 norm of a discrete Fourier spectrum
I am dealing with a function $f$ of the form
\begin{equation}
f(t):=\sum_{k=1}^Na_ke^{\mathrm{i}\phi_k t}
\end{equation}
and I have a promise that
\begin{equation}
0\leq f(t)\leq C\;\;\;\text{for all}...
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Multidimensional improper Riemann integrals with oscillatory kernels: Existence
I have asked this question three weeks ago here
https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/2998601/does-this-oscillatory-integral-exist/2998930#2998930
but received no relevant answers.
Let $n\geq 2$ ...
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Fourier transforms and nontrivial vector bundles
We know that in arithmetic, geometry and analysis, Fourier transforms of various forms show up. For example, we have the classical Fourier transform, Fourier-Mukai transforms in the setting of ...
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