Questions tagged [descriptive-set-theory]
Descriptive Set Theory is the study of definable subsets of Polish spaces, where definable is taken to mean from the Borel or projective hierarchies. Other topics include infinite games and determinacy, definable equivalence relations and Borel reductions between them, Polish groups, and effective descriptive set theory.
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Does there exist $f:\Bbb{R}\to \Bbb{R}$ additive onto function such that $f(F) \subset \Bbb{R}$ has the property of Baire for every $F$?
Let $F\subset \Bbb{R}$ intersect every closed uncountable subsets of $\Bbb{R}$.
Does there exist $f:\Bbb{R}\to \Bbb{R}$ additive onto function such that $f(F) \subset \Bbb{R}$ has the property of ...
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Constructing Complicated Borel Subgroups of Polish Groups
Farah and Solecki showed the following in Borel subgroups of Polish groups:
Theorem: Every Polish group $G$ admits Borel subgroups of arbitrarily high Borel rank.
However, the construction is far from ...
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How nice can sets of reals be under $\mathsf{ZF} + \mathsf{BPI}$?
It's well known that the full axiom of choice is not needed to prove the existence of non-measurable subsets of $\mathbb{R}$. In particular, the Boolean prime ideal theorem ($\mathsf{BPI}$) is ...
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Study of the class of functions satisfying null-IVP
$\mathcal{N}_u$ : Class of all uncountable Lebesgue-null set i.e all uncountable sets having Lebesgue outer measure $0$.
Let $f:\Bbb{R}\to \Bbb{R}$ be a function with the following property :
$\...
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Classification of Polish spaces up to a $\sigma$-homeomorphism
A function $f:X\to Y$ between topological spaces is called
$\bullet$ $\sigma$-continuous if there exists a countable cover $\mathcal C$ of $X$ such that for every $C\in\mathcal C$ the restriction $f{\...
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$\sigma$-algebra generated by analytic sets
The Borel $\sigma$-algebra $\cal B$ on real numbers has many good properties. For instance, all continuous functions are $\cal B/\cal B$-measurable. On the other side, not only $\cal B$ is not ...
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Is the topology of weak+Hausdorff convergence Polish?
Let $X$ be a compact metric space, $P_X$ the set of Borel probability measures on $X$, and $K_X$ the set of non-empty closed subsets of $X$. I will define the "topology of weak+Hausdorff ...
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Universal Set for $\mathcal{A}\Pi^1_1$ (Kechris, exercise 29.17)
I'm probably missing something easy but I'm having trouble with the first part of Kechris's Classical Descriptive Set Theory, Exercise 29.17, the first part:
For an uncountable Polish space $Y$, show ...
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When do Borel propositional theories have topologically tame truth assignments?
Let $(P_r)_{r \in \mathbb{R}}$ be an $\mathbb{R}$-indexed family of propositional variables. Let $\mathcal{L}$ be the collection of all propositional sentences formed from the variables $(P_r)_{r \in \...
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Non-analytically measurable set in $\Delta^1_2$
I'm wondering if there is some reference you may know that gives an explicit set which is not analytically-measurable (i.e., not in the sigma-algebra generated by $\Sigma^1_1$), but which is in $\...
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A continuous map relating co-constructible reals
My question is the following:
Given $x,y \in \omega^\omega$ such that $x\equiv_c y$ is there an $L$-definable continuous map $\varphi: \omega^\omega\rightarrow \omega^\omega$ such that $\varphi(x) = ...
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Borel $\sigma$-algebras on paths of bounded variation
Let $(C, \|\cdot\|)$ be the Banach space of continuous paths $x: [0,1]\rightarrow\mathbb{R}^d$ starting at zero with sup-norm $\|\cdot\|$.
Let further $B\subset C$ be the subspace of $0$-started ...
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Why are the sharps of sets of big ordinals not in $\mathcal{P}(\omega)$?
In his talk A Condensed History of Condensation, Welch presents the following recursive sharp function, that is total when all sharps exist:
\begin{align*}
\# \colon ON &\to \mathcal{P}(ON) \\
\...
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Topological analog of the Lusin-N property
$A\subset \Bbb{R}$ is meager if $A$ can be expressed as a countable union of nowhere dense sets.
Let $f:[a, b]\to \Bbb{R}$ is absolutely continuous, i.e., for every $\epsilon>0$, there exists $\...
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Is $\mathfrak q_0$ equal to the smallest cardinality of a second-countable $T_1$-space which is not a $Q$-space?
A topological space $X$ is a $Q$-space if every subset of $X$ is of type $G_\delta$.
The smallest cardinality of a metrizable separable space which is not a $Q$-space is denoted by $\mathfrak q_0$ and ...
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What is an example of a meager space X such that X is concentrated on countable dense set?
A topological space $X$ is concentrated on a set $D$ iff for any open set $G$ if $D\subseteq G$, then $X\setminus G$ is countable.
What is an example of a separable metrizable (uncountable) meager (...
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Strong form of $\mathtt{PSP}$ for $K_\sigma$ sets
Consider an uncountable perfect $K_\sigma$ set $X\subseteq \omega^\omega$, where $K_\sigma$ means countable union of compact sets, perfect means that $X$ has no isolated points and $\omega^\omega$ is ...
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For measure-preserving systems, is countable generatability of the invariant $\sigma$-algebra equivalent to almost all points being periodic?
Let $X$ be a second countable Hausdorff topological space, let $T \colon X \to X$ be a Borel-measurable map, define the $\sigma$-algebra $\mathcal{I}=\{A \in \mathcal{B}(X) : T^{-1}(A)=A\}$, and for ...
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$\mathtt{PSP}$ holding only for sets of cardinality $\mathfrak{c}$
Consider the sentence $\mathtt{PSP}_\mathfrak{c}$: "Every subset of $\mathbb{R}$ having the cardinality of the continuum contains a Cantor set".
A priori this sentence is weaker than the ...
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Do all limit $\alpha \in \omega_1^L$ satisfy $L_\alpha \models V=HC$?
In Gaps in the constructible universe, Marek and Srebrny, 1973 a gap ordinal and the start of a gap are defined as follows
$\alpha$ is a gap ordinal iff $(L_{\alpha+1}-L_\alpha)\bigcap \mathcal{P}(\...
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Why can't $L_\beta$ contain a real coding a well-ordering of order-type $\beta$, when $\beta$ is a gap ordinal?
In Gaps in the constructible universe, Marek and Srebrny, 1973 a gap ordinal is defined as follows
$\alpha$ is a gap ordinal iff $(L_{\alpha+1}-L_\alpha)\cap \mathcal{P}(\omega) = \emptyset$
Their ...
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Forcings that preserve $\mathtt{PSP}$
By $\mathtt{PSP}$ I mean the statement "every subset of the reals has the perfect set property, i.e. either is countable or it contains an homeomorphic copy of the Cantor space $2^\omega$".
...
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Shelah's "Can you take Solovay's inaccessible away?"
I was wandering if there was a book, thesis or some notes where Shelah's argument for
$\mathtt{ZF}+\mathtt{DC}+$"All sets of reals are Lebesgue measurable" is equiconsistent with $\mathtt{...
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Existence of a non-$Q$-set without the perfect set property
We have the following theorem:
Suppose $\omega_1^L=\omega_1$ then there exists a $\Pi_1^1$ subset of reals without the perfect set property
Moreover, under the same hypotheses, we can prove actually ...
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Co-analytic $Q$-sets
A subset $A\subseteq \mathbb{R}$ is said to be a $Q$-set if every subset $B\subseteq A$ is $F_\sigma$ wrt the subspace topology on $A$. For example $\mathbb{Q}$ is a $Q$-set. The first time I have ...
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$\mathtt{PSP}$ implies the consistency of inaccessible cardinals
I'm looking for the proof that $\mathtt{PSP}$, the statement that every uncountable subset of the the Baire space $\mathbb{N}^\mathbb{N}$ contains an homeomorphic copy of the Cantor space $2^\mathbb{N}...
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Images of a closed and continuous mapping with domain $\Bbb{N}^\Bbb{N}$
My question is:
Is every Polish space image of a closed and continuous mapping with domain $\Bbb{N}^\Bbb{N}$?
Where a Polish space is a separable and completely metrizable space and where $\Bbb{N}^\...
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Comparing bornologies for domination/escaping
Consider the following bornologies $\mathbb{D},\mathbb{E}$ on the set $\mathcal{N}$ of all functions from $\mathbb{N}$ to $\mathbb{N}$:
$\mathbb{D}=\{A: \exists f\in\mathcal{N}\forall g\in A\exists m\...
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Are there such a complete metric space X of weight k (w(X)=k) and ....?
Are there such a complete metric space $X$ of weight $k<\mathfrak{c}$ ($w(X)=k$) and a family $\{F_{\alpha}: \alpha<k\}$ of closed subsets of $X$ that $k<|X\setminus \bigcup F_{\alpha}|<\...
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What is the name of the (possibly well-known) class of $\pi$-monolithic compact spaces?
A compact space $X$ is called ${\it \pi-monolithic}$ if whenever a surjective continuous mapping $f:X\rightarrow K$ where $K$ is a compact metric space there exists a compact metric space $T\subseteq ...
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Separable metrizable spaces far from being completely metrizable
I came across a kind of separable metrizable space that is "far" from being completely metrizable. Before specifying what I mean with "far", I recall that a space is said to be ...
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Failure of Baire's grand theorem when the hypothesis is weakened to separable metric space
The statement of Baire grand theorem gives a characterization of Baire class 1 functions between a completely metrizable separable space (aka Polish space) and a separable metrizable space. The ...
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Hedgehog of spininess $κ$ is an absolute retract?
Let $κ$ be an infinite cardinal, $S$ a set of cardinality $κ$, and let
$I = [0, 1]$ be the closed unit interval. Define an equivalence
relation $E$ on $I × S$ by $(x,α) E (y,β)$ if either $x = 0 = y$
...
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Is there an uncountable family of "hereditarily unembeddable" continua?
Define a family $\{C_i\}_{i\in I}$ of continua, that is compact connected metrizable spaces, to be hereditarily unembeddable (a name I just made up) iff for all $i\neq j$ no nontrivial subcontinuum of ...
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Separately continuous functions of the first Baire class
Problem. Let $X,Y$ be (completely regular) topological spaces such that every separately continuous functions $f:X^2\to\mathbb R$ and $g:Y^2\to \mathbb R$ are of the first Baire class. Is every ...
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Lebesgue Hausdorff Banach theorem for Baire class $1$ functions on $\mathbb{R}^\omega$
A theorem by Lebesgue, Hausdorff and Banach says the following (Kechris' Classical Descriptive Set Theory, p. 192):
Let $X$ be a separable metrizable space and $f: X \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be a $\...
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Subsets of the Cantor set
A copy of the Cantor set is a space homeomorphic to $2^{\omega}$.
Suppose that $X$ is a Hausdorff space that contains a copy $C^{\prime}$ of the Cantor set. Let $U$ be a nonempty subset open in $C^{\...
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Pointwise convergence of trigonometric series
$f$ is said to have trigonometric expansion if some series $\sum_{n\in\mathbb{Z}}c_ne^{inx}$ converges pointwise to $f(x)$. On the second page of the article Trigonometric series and set theory, ...
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Set-theoretic hierarchy using the uniqueness quantification
Has an equivalent of the set-theoretic hierarchies (arithmetical, hyperarithmetical, Levy etc.) that uses the uniqueness quantification, $\exists !$ (and its dual, $\neg\exists!\neg$) been studied ...
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A question about Shoenfield's absoluteness theorem and $0^{\sharp}$
Shoenfield's theorem states that any $\Pi_{3}^{1}$ sentence that holds in $V$ holds in $L$, but I know that it is consistent with ZFC that there exists a set $A\subset \mathbb{N}$ where $A\not\in L$ ...
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On the chromatic number of an analytic graph
Let $X$ be a Polish space and let $G\in\mathbf{\Sigma}^1_1(X^2)$ be a graph on $X$, that is an irreflexive and symmetric relation on $X$.
Given a cardinal $\kappa$ we say that $G$ has chromatic number ...
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Consistency of the Hurewicz dichotomy property
Just to fix the environment, let's work in the Baire space $\omega^\omega$, the space of infinite sequences of natural numbers with the product of the discrete topology over $\omega$. We say that a ...
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Borel ranks of Turing cones
For a non recursive $x \in 2^{\omega}$, define $C_x = \{y \in 2^{\omega}: x \leq_T y\}$. Note that $y \in C_x$ iff $(\exists e)(\forall n)(\Phi^y_e(n) = x(n))$ where $\Phi_e$ is the $e$th Turing ...
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What is known about when regularity properties only hold for partial boldface pointclasses?
Apologies in advance for a rather vague and open-ended question.
Results about regularity properties of the projective pointclasses tend to have a wholesale flavor. By this I mean one tends to be ...
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A question about infinite product of Baire and meager spaces
Proposition 1: For any space $X$ and an infinite cardinal $\kappa$, the product $X^{\kappa}$ is either meager or a Baire space.
Does anyone have any suggestions to demonstrate Proposition 1?
I was ...
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A submodel of set theory with all reals which every set is analytic
This is a continuation of my previous question. Recall that a subset $A \subseteq {}^\omega\omega$ is analytic if it is the continuous image of the Baire space. I would like to know if there exist two ...
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A Baire subset of reals that is not Suslin measurable
EDIT: The definition of a Suslin measurable set I wrote here is incorrect. It should be that $\mathcal{S}$ contains the field (or algebra) of open subsets of ${}^\omega\omega$ (or, in other words, it ...
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Hausdorff quasi-Polish spaces
A topological space is said to be quasi-Polish if it is second-countable and completely quasi-metrizable (see for an introduction de Brecht's article: de Brecht, Matthew, Quasi-Polish spaces, Ann. ...
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Codimension of analytic linear subspaces in Polish vector spaces
Let $A$ be a linear analytic subspace of a Polish vector space $X$.
Using Piccard-Pettis Theorem, it is easy to prove that $A$ has uncountable codimension in $X$. If $A$ is of type $F_\sigma$, then ...
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Every Borel linearly independent set has Borel linear hull (reference?)
I am looking for a reference to the following fact, which probably is known and could be proved somewhere by someone.
Theorem. The linear hull of any linearly independent Borel set in a Polish ...
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