Questions tagged [curves-and-surfaces]
A surface is a generalization of a plane which needs not be flat, that is, the curvature is not necessarily zero. This is analogous to a curve generalizing a straight line
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Non-isotrival fiber bundle over compact Riemann surface
In this paper, Kodaira constructed a fiber bundle $\Phi:M_{m,n}\to S$ from a compact complex surface $M_{m,n}$ to a compact Rieman surface $S$ of genus $>0$. In particular, (on p.212) for any point ...
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Coordinates for Laminations: geometric versus shear
Let $S$ be an orientable surface with a triangulation T.
A lamination $\ell$ is a simple closed curve on $S$, up to isotopy. We will assume that $\ell$ is drawn in such a way that it intersects the ...
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Difference of two functions with constant mean curvature
Define the set $\Omega := (-\epsilon,\epsilon) \times (-1,1)^{n-1}$, and define
$\Gamma := \{-\epsilon,\epsilon\} \times (-1,1)^{n-1} \subset \partial \Omega$.
Suppose I have two functions $u,v \in C^...
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Stationary phase in spherical integral
I'm trying to find asymptotics for an oscillatory integral on $\mathbb{S}^{n-1}$, for which my advisor said I should use stationary phase arguments. The particular, he claims that:
If $\lambda\gg 1$...
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Examples of complicated parametric Jordan curves
For test purposes I need parametric Jordan curves that are complicated in the sense of having many inflection points and ideally no symmetries.
When doing online search I always land at complex ...
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Splines with bounded first derivative?
I have a set of points $(x_i,y_i)\in{\mathbb R}_+\times{\mathbb R}$, $i=1,...,n$, ($x_i$ are the independent variables and $y_i$ are the dependent variables or responses) that I want to fit using ...
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Controlling the intersection of two surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^3$
Let $F_1,F_2$ be two closed orientable surfaces embedded in $\mathbb{R}^3$ with genus $2g_1, 2g_2$, respectively (edit: with $g_1, g_2 \geq 1$). Is it possible to isotope around $F_1$ and $F_2$ so ...
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Is there a bijection between the set of simple closed curves and this space of functions?
A simple closed curve $\mathcal{C}$ in the plane is such that, going along the curve from a point $P$ thereon and getting back to it, the total angle has measure $2\pi$. So one can write $2\pi=\int_{\...
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Area of a surface confined by a sphere II
[A followup on two related posts:
Area of a surface confined by a sphere
Area of a elliptic surface confined by a sphere
. Thanks to all the inputs so far.]
Let $S$ be a surface enclosed inside the ...
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Area of a elliptic surface confined by a sphere
Let $S$ be a surface enclosed inside the unit sphere in $R^3$. If every point of S is elliptic, then must $\operatorname{Area}(S)≤\operatorname{Area}(S^2)$?
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Area of a surface confined by a sphere
Let $S$ be a hypersurface enclosed inside the unit sphere in $R^n$. We may assume that every ray $\{t x: t \geq 0 \}$ intersects $S$ at most once.
Under what extra condition is ${\rm Area}(S) \leq {\...
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Is the radial projection map area increasing?
Let $S$ be a hypersurface enclosed inside the unit sphere in $R^n$. Assume that every ray $\{t x: t \geq 0 \}$ intersects $S$ at most once.
Is it always true that ${\rm Area}(S) \leq {\rm Area}(P(S))$...
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Essential simple closed curves on a punctured torus vs those in the torus
Let $T$ be a compact oriented torus, let $p\in T$ be a point, and let $T^*$ be $T - \{p\}$.
In Farb-Margalit's Primer on mapping class groups, in the discussion after Proposition 1.5 they say that "...
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Does this surface contain all perfect cuboids?
Probably this is wildly known, but the closest I found was a surface with additional restrictive conditions.
A perfect cuboid is a cuboid having integer side lengths, integer face diagonals and an ...
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Minimal extension of local systems
Let $M$ be a complex manifold of dimension $2$, $D \subset M$ be a connected, simple, normal crossings divisor and $L$ be a $\mathbb{C}$-local system defined over $M\backslash D$. Denote by $j: M\...
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Given $\theta$, find $f$ such that $\int_{\mathbb{T}} \text{e}^{i\theta} \cos(h \cdot f) = 0,$ for all $h \in \mathbb{N}$
Let $\theta$ be a $C^{\infty}$ (resp. analytic) real-valued function on $\mathbb{T}=[0,2\pi]/\{0,2\pi\}$.
When can one find $f \neq 0$, $C^{\infty}$ (resp. analytic) real-valued function on $\...
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A generalization of Jordan-Schoenflies theorem on simple plane curves
The well known Jordan-Schoenflies theorem says: let $C\subset \mathbb{R}^2$ be a closed simple curve. Then there exists a homeomorphism $f\colon\mathbb{R}^2\to \mathbb{R}^2$ such that $f(C)$ is the ...
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Closed simple curves in $\mathbb{R}\mathbb{P}^2$
EDIT: The well known Jordan curve theorem says: let $C\subset S^2$ be a closed simple curve on the 2-sphere. Then its complement $S^2\backslash C$ consists of two connected components, both ...
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Blaschke points
A Blaschke point of a metric space is a point so that every geodesic (i.e. locally shortest path) starting at that point and of length less than the diameter of the metric space is the unique shortest ...
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Minimal graph over convex domain is area-minimizing
I am looking for a reference stating that
If a graph $z=f(x,y)$ over a convex domain $D$ is minimal, then it is area-minimizing.
5.4.18 in Federer's "Geometric measure theory" and Lemma 1.1. in ...
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Which surfaces embedded in $\mathbb{R}^3$ have only axially-symmetric sections?
Dmitry Ryabogin and I considered the following question some time ago, but got nowehere:
Let $M$ be a (smooth or algebraic) surface in $\mathbb{R}^3$. Suppose that for every section $S$ (an ...
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Are Bernstein polynomials bounded by their coefficients?
I am representing a function by nth order Bernstein polynomial coefficients. I have bounded the coefficients between some $f_{min}$ and $f_{max}$. From what I can see experimentally, it appears that ...
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Text on old-fashioned differential geometry
I am seeking good books on the geometry of surfaces in Euclidean space, which would in particular discuss Darboux frames. Please explain for each suggestion why you like this book (classics are ...
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How to prove a developable surface must be ruled surface?
A developable surface is a smooth surface whose Gaussian curvature vanishes everywhere. A ruled surface is a surface where for each point there must be a line passing through the point lying on the ...
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When is a graph morphism a regular embedding? [closed]
Let $f:X \to Y$ be a finite morphism, where $X$ is an affine, non-singular curve and $Y$ is an affine, non-singular surface over $\mathbb{C}$. Denote by $\Gamma_f \subset X \times Y$ the graph of the ...
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Reference request: Reidemeister type moves for immersed curves on surfaces
Preliminaries
Let $\Gamma$ be a closed $1$-manifold (i.e. a union of finitely many circles) and let $\Sigma$ be a closed $2$-manifold (i.e. a surface). I'll adopt the following terminology.
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Reparametrization of a closed curve that balances sum of first derivatives
(Question in the yellow box below.)
A few weeks ago I was wondering about the existence of a scalar function $f(s): S^1 \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ and a turning angle $\phi(s):S^1 \rightarrow \mathbb{R}/...
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Rough classification of Peano Curves
By Peano curve I mean a continuous map from the unit interval that fills the unit square in $\mathbb R^2$.
In the paper:
Shchepin, E. V.; Bauman, K. E., Minimal Peano curve, Proc. Steklov Inst. Math....
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Hypersurfaces whose unit normal $N$ satisfies $[N,X] =0$ for every tangent vector field $X$
Let $M$ be a hypersurface of a Riemannian manifold, and assume that $M$ satisfies the following property:
For each $p \in M$, given a unit normal vector field $N$ defined in a neighborhood $U$ of $...
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To find a point in Teichmüller space or measured foliation, how many lengths of curves do you need?
To parametrize Teichmüller space, it suffices to measure the hyperbolic lengths of a finite number of curves. It is well-known that $9g-9$ curves suffice, by a standard pair-of-pants argument given in,...
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The radius of an interval's image through a space-filling curve
Take $f:[0,1]\to [0,1]^n$ a continuous tour around $[0,1]^n,$ say, some iteration of a Hilbert curve. For $\varepsilon \in (0,1)$ what is the following thing called and are there any nontrivial upper ...
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Two multi-curves in a surface with the same transverse measure
Let $(\cal F,\mu)$ be the stable measured foliation of a pseudo-Anosov on an oriented surface $S$. Can there be two non-isotopic multi-loops (collections of disjoint simple loops) $L_1,L_2\subset S$, ...
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Orthogonality relation in $L^2$ implying periodicity
Let $\theta(t)$ and $\phi(t)$ be two real $C^1$ functions $[0,2\pi]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$. Let us assume $\theta$ has the properties
$$
\int_0^{2\pi} e^{i\theta(t)} dt=0.
$$
Geometrically this means ...
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Realizing Morse functions on $S^2$ as height functions
Let $h: \mathbb{R}^3 \to \mathbb{R}$ be the usual height function (i.e. $h(x,y,z) = z$). One way that Morse functions on $S^2$ are often described is by picking an embedding $i: S^2 \to \mathbb{R}^3$ ...
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Closest points of curves on convex surfaces
Let $\Sigma$ be a convex surface with strictly positive curvature in $\mathbb{R}^3$ and $\Gamma \subset \Sigma$ be a closed simple space curve with parameterization $\gamma : \mathbb{S}^1 \rightarrow \...
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When are principal lines of curvature geodesics?
Let $S$ be a smooth surface embedded in $\mathbb{R}^3$.
When are (some of) the principal lines of curvature geodesics
on $S$? Perhaps on the ellipsoid below, the (blue) central
cycle, a max principal ...
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Is the Frenet frame is independent of the choices of parameters?
I asked this question on StackExchange, but until now there is not any answer or hint. I hope I can get some help here.
When I am reading ''A course in differential geometry'' of Klingenberg, I ...
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Injectivity of the simple closed curves under geometric intersection number
Let $\Sigma$ be a closed surface of genus $g\geq 2$ and $\mathcal{C}$ be the set of all free homotopy classes of simple closed curves in $\Sigma$. Define $i:\mathcal{C}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^{\...
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Average distance to a curve of fixed length
Let $C$ be a continuous curve in the unit square having length $L$. Is there a lower bound on the average distance between the points in the unit square and $C$, as a function of $L$? Is there an ...
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Classification of surface curves? [duplicate]
Having a genus $g$ closed orientable surface $\Sigma$ (connected sum of $g$ tori), how do I encode any embedded closed curve up to planar isotopy? For $g=1$ we can just state the coefficient $k \in \...
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Reducing curves in surfaces by Dehn twists
Let $F$ be a compact, oriented surface.
A Dehn move, $D_\beta$, on a simple closed curve (scc) $\alpha$ is a Dehn twist applied to $\alpha$ along a scc $\beta$ which intersects $\alpha$ once.
Is ...
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Explaining patterns in modular multiplication graphs
Let the multiplication graph $n/m$ be the graph with $m$ points distributed evenly on a circle and a line between two points $a$, $b$ when $an \equiv b\operatorname{mod} m$.
These graphs often look ...
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Planar arc on a topologically embedded sphere or disk in $\mathbb{R}^3$
An arc is a set homeomorphic to the unit interval $[0,1]$; an arc in $\mathbb{R}^3$ is planar if it is contained in some plane.
The following questions are motivated by Anton Petrunin's Disc bounded ...
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On closed simple curve with curvature at most 1
I am looking for the reference to the following theorem.
I have to apply a similar statement, and it would be nice to trace the source.
Please note, I know few proofs in fact it is Problem 3 in my ...
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Length functions on Teichmuller space with constant difference
Let $S$ be a closed oriented surface of genus $g\geq 2$. Let $\mathcal{T}$ be the corresponding Teichmuller space. Given a free homotopy class of closed curve $[\gamma]$ we can define the length ...
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Minimal area of Seifert surfaces
Let $K$ be a knot smooth knot in a 3-manifold $M$ and fix a metric on $M$. Let $F$ be a orientable surface of genus $g$ with one boundary component. Then we can consider the family of all maps $\...
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Hadamard theorem about embedding
The following theorem is commonly attributed to Jacques Hadamard.
Assume $\Sigma$ is a smooth locally convex immersed surface in the Euclidean space. Then $\Sigma$ is embedded and bounds a convex ...
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Besides the tracioid are there other surfaces of revolution that have a constant negative curvature?
There is no surface in $ R^3 $ that can represent the complete hyperbolic plane (Hilberts theorem) so we always have to do with a surface that is not completely equivalent, has a cusp somewhere, but ...
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Formulas for equidistant curves
I'm trying to draw on the computer a curve that keeps always the same distance(given as parameter) from a given curve. I know the formula for the given curve. I tried moving perpendicular to the first ...
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Bernstein type theorems for CMC hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$
Is there any Bernstein type theorems for CMC hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ in the literature?
More precisely I would like to know if there is an answer to the following
QUESTION: Let $f : \...