Questions tagged [ap.analysis-of-pdes]
Partial differential equations (PDEs): Existence and uniqueness, regularity, boundary conditions, linear and non-linear operators, stability, soliton theory, integrable PDEs, conservation laws, qualitative dynamics.
4,252
questions
3
votes
1
answer
232
views
Discovery of norm in PDE
We have seen so many norms we need for PDE. For example, for elliptic PDE, we require a continuous version of $C^k$, i.e. $C^{k,\alpha}$. Roughly speaking, under appropriate norm, we could capture the ...
3
votes
1
answer
129
views
Maximum principle for an elliptic like operator
I am trying to prove some monotonicity of a solution of a given pde; after considering a quantity like $ \phi(x) = x \cdot \nabla v(x)$ ($v$ is the solution of a given pde) I arrive at something ...
3
votes
1
answer
988
views
Simple existence and uniqueness for second order and linear elliptic PDE
Consider a closed Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ and let $u \in C^{2,\alpha}(M)$ be a positive function on $M$.
I am interested on the existence of solution for the following problem: given a continuous ...
3
votes
2
answers
326
views
Exponential decay of resolvent kernel
For the integral kernel of the Laplacian $\Delta$ on $\mathbb{R}^n$, consider the resolvent $R(\lambda) := (\lambda - \Delta)^{-1}$ and let $R(\lambda; x, y)$ be its kernel, which is a smooth function ...
3
votes
1
answer
320
views
improvement of flatness in the regularity of minimal surfaces
Recently,I am reading Savin's celebrated theorem about improvement of flatness in proving the regularity of minimal surfaces. I have some questions.
1.How to show the boundary of a minimal set ...
3
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Reference for De Giorgi-Nash-Moser theory
I am interested in Holder regularity for equations of the form
$$u_t - div A(x,t) \nabla u = 0$$ where $A(x,t)$ is bounded, measurable and elliptic.
This was proved in the seminal paper of John Nash ...
3
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Examples of Log-Lipschitz and nonLog-Lipschitz functions satisfying certain conditions
A function $f$ is Log-Lipschitz if there exists a constant $C >0$ such that
\begin{equation}
|f(x) - f(y)| \le C|x-y| |\log|x-y||
\end{equation}
I am trying to construct two functions with the ...
3
votes
1
answer
213
views
A problem about closed 2-forms on Minkowski space
The problem is:
For any closed 2-form in the Minkowski space $\mathbb{R}^{3,1}$ satisfiying $dF=0$ and $\delta F \ne 0$ (with $\delta$ denoting the codifferential), does there exist a Lorentz ...
3
votes
2
answers
405
views
References on thin film equation: derivation and properties
Where can I find
a derivation of the thin film equation
$$u_t = - \mathrm{div} (u^m\nabla\Delta u)$$ from a physical model?
a good introduction to its properties (e.g. conserved quantities and ...
3
votes
1
answer
235
views
Distance function is unique nonnegative continuous function on $\mathbb{R}^d$ satisfying following
Suppose $U \subsetneq \mathbb{R}^d$ is open. How do I see that the distance function$$u(x) = \min_{y \in \mathbb{R}^d \setminus U} |x - y|$$is the unique nonnegative continuous function on $\mathbb{R}^...
3
votes
1
answer
403
views
How to evolve a star-shaped mean convex set to a strictly mean convex set?
I have trouble in going through a proof in a paper for quite a while. To simplify notation and make it readable to a larger audience, let me just present the simplest case:
Let $\Omega$ be a bounded ...
3
votes
2
answers
649
views
Uniqueness of viscosity solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi equation
Consider the following Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) equation:
$$u_t + H(\nabla u,x) = 0 \quad \text{ in } \mathbb{R}^n \times (0, T], $$ where $u:\mathbb{R}^n \times (0,T] \to \mathbb{R}$, and $H:\mathbb{R}^n ...
3
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Boundary conditions for Klein-Gordon equation
Let us consider the Klein-Gordon equation
$$(\Box +m^2)u=0,$$
where $u$ is a scalar valued function, $m\geq 0$, $\Box=\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_0^2}-\sum_{i=1}^d\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i^2}$.
...
3
votes
2
answers
468
views
Symplectic formulation of compressible Euler equation
It has been widely known that the compressible Euler equation can be cast into the Hamiltonian form. For example, in the book "Dubrovin B A, Fomenko A T, Novikov S P. Modern geometry—methods and ...
3
votes
3
answers
337
views
Limits for eigenvalues for the Dirichlet Laplacian
If $\Omega$ is a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$, let $\lambda(\Omega)$ be an eigenvalue of the problem
$$
\begin{cases}
-\Delta u=\lambda u & \mbox{in }\Omega\\
u=0 & \mbox{on }\partial\...
3
votes
2
answers
261
views
Some Questions from Reading on Wave Front Set from Hormander's Linear PDE Vol. 1
In Hormander's Linear PDE Vol. 1 (pg 252-253, before the definition of wave front set is introduced), Lemma $8.1.1$ says that if $\phi \in C_{0}^{\infty}$ and $v \in \mathcal{E}^{\prime}$, then $\...
3
votes
1
answer
477
views
To understand integral :$\lambda (x) = \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{\sin^{2} \alpha x}{\alpha^{2}} d\mu(\alpha), (\mu(0)=0)$
I wants to understand the integrals of the form
$$\lambda (x) = \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{\sin^{2} \alpha x}{\alpha^{2}} d\mu(\alpha), (\mu(0)=0)$$
where $\mu(\alpha)$ is a non decreasing function such ...
3
votes
2
answers
671
views
Existence for ODE in Banach space (accretive operators and Crandall-Liggett)
There is a theory of mild solutions $u \in C^0(0,T;X)$ where $X$ is a Banach space for equations of the form
$$\frac{du}{dt} + Au = f$$
where $A$ is an accretive nonlinear operator under some ...
3
votes
1
answer
764
views
on an inequality of Brezis-Lieb
In their 1983 JFA paper Brezis and Lieb have shown, among many other things, a Poincaré-type inequality: in the case of a harmonic function $f$ on a bounded domain $\Omega$, their inequality ((3.14) ...
3
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Norm of differential operator between Sobolev spaces
It is easy to check that the differential operator $\partial^a$ (where $\alpha\in \mathbb{N}_0^n$) is continuous between the Sobolev spaces (with usual norms)
$W^{m,p}(U)\to W^{m-|\alpha|,p}(U)$, ...
3
votes
1
answer
669
views
Is this kernel space of finite dimension ?
Assume that $P \in \Psi^{m}(X)$ (X is a $C^{\infty}$ manifold)is properly supported and has a real principal part p which is homogeneous of degree m.I'm interested in the existence theorem(at least ...
3
votes
2
answers
2k
views
The extension of smooth function
If $U$ is a bounded domain in $\mathbb R^n$ whose boundary is smooth, and $f$ is a smooth function on $U$ whose partial derivatives of all orders have a continuous extensions to $\bar U$. For an ...
3
votes
3
answers
725
views
Finding an $H^1$ function given its values on $\partial\Omega$
Background
I've met this problem when I was trying to convert a elliptic PDE problem
into the corresponding variational problem in order to apply finite element method.
The PDE is an elliptic PDE ...
3
votes
2
answers
626
views
A function in $W^{1,p}(\Omega)$ for $1 < p < n$ which is not differentiable a.e
I'm seeking a function which belongs to $W^{1,p}(\Omega)$ for $p < n$ which is not differentiable a.e. There is a standard theorem which shows that if $p > n$ then in fact any function in $W^{1,...
3
votes
1
answer
448
views
Identifying the nonlinear parabolic PDE $u_t = (u^2)_{xx}$.
A friend of mine in the department needs to know if the following PDE has been extensively studied
$$ u_t = (u^2)_{xx}$$
Or more generally, replacing the square by any function of $u$. One would like ...
3
votes
1
answer
183
views
$L^{\infty}$ estimate for heat equation with $L^2$ initial data
Is there a way to show in a relatively simple manner that for a Lipschitz bounded, connected, open domain $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^N$ for any $f\in L^2(\Omega)$ the solution of the problem:
$$\begin{...
3
votes
1
answer
298
views
Find $f:\mathbb R^3 \to \mathbb R$ s.t. $(f - 1)\Delta f + f^2 = 0$?
I wish to solve the following nonlinear PDE that I derived in statistical physics. (I was curious if I could include higher order terms into a model for heat transfer described in a homework problem.) ...
3
votes
1
answer
229
views
$W^{1,p}$ ($1\le p<2$) uniqueness of elliptic equations
Let $B$ denote the $n$-dimensional unit ball. Assume $u\in\bigcap_{1\le p<2} W_0^{1,p}(B)$ satisfies $$
\int a_{ij}\partial_j u \partial_iv =0,$$ for any $v\in C_c^{\infty}(B)$, where we assume $a_{...
3
votes
1
answer
236
views
A detail in one step in a theorem from a paper of Brezis and Merle
In paper [1] Brezis and Merle prove theorem 3 by using the following fact. Let $w_n=u_n-v_n$, $\Delta w_n=0$ on $\Omega$ (a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R^2}$) and $w_n^+$ is bounded in $L^{\infty}_\...
3
votes
1
answer
134
views
Strichartz estimates and Schrödinger equation with derivative
Let
$$ iu_t + \Delta u = \Phi \cdot \nabla u$$
with initial data $u_0 \in H^s(\mathbb{R}^d)$ and $\Phi\colon \mathbb{R}^d \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^d$ sufficiently regular. Suppose I want to use ...
3
votes
2
answers
221
views
Change of variables for obtaining a unitary group
Consider the following NLS:
$$i u_t + \Delta u- 2 \operatorname{Re} u = F(u),$$
where $F(u):=(u + \bar{u} + |u|^2)u.$
In Scattering for the Gross–Pitaevskii equation, the authors S. Gustafson, K. ...
3
votes
1
answer
421
views
Equivalence between two fractional Sobolev spaces
For $s \in (0,1)$, we consider the spectral fractional Laplacian
\begin{align}
(-\Delta)^{-s}u = \sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\lambda_k^{-s}(\phi_k,u)_{L^2}\phi_k
\end{align}
where
\begin{align*}
\begin{cases}
...
3
votes
1
answer
153
views
Solvability of general linear PDE with constant coefficients
Let $D\ne 0$ be a linear differential operator with constant coefficients acting on either real or complex valued functions on $\mathbb{R}^n$.
Is it true that the equation $$Du=f$$
is solvable in any ...
3
votes
1
answer
328
views
Regularity of boundary of a level set of a $C^{1,\alpha}$ function
Let $f:\mathbb{R}^2\to\mathbb{R}$ be a $C^{1,\alpha}$ function. Denote $S_C=\{x\in\mathbb{R}^2\mid f(x)=C \}$ the level set of $f$ with value $C$.
What i want to ask is, if $S_C$ is nonempty for some $...
3
votes
1
answer
403
views
Duality argument
$\newcommand\norm[1]{\lVert#1\rVert}\newcommand\abs[1]{\lvert#1\rvert}$Throughout my studying for some papers, in particular, the proof of localized Strichartz estimates, I encountered a use of the ...
3
votes
1
answer
167
views
About the proof of higher regularity boundary Harnack inequality
I’m reading a note on higher regularity boundary Harnack inequality by D. DE SILVA AND O. SAVIN and I’m kind of confused of the case k=1.
In the paper they used the Hopf lemma to show that $u_\nu>c&...
3
votes
1
answer
185
views
Linear transport equation with Lipschitz conditions
Given the equation here, I would like to ask the following relaxed question:
Consider the PDE
$$\partial_t f(x,t) = \langle q(x), \nabla \rangle f(t,x) + p(x),$$
with Schwartz initial data $f(0,x) = ...
3
votes
1
answer
334
views
Does the difference of solutions of two unrelated PDE solve an 'intermediate' equation?
I should preface this question by saying that I strongly suspect the answer is negative, but I couldn't find the counterexample myself.
Say we are working on the unit disc $D \subset \mathbf{R}^n$, ...
3
votes
1
answer
140
views
On the equation $[U, V] - V_x = C(x)$
While considering the zero curvature equation $U_t - V_x + [U, V] = 0$, I developed a similar problem, albeit one that discards time dependence entirely. For a given $U(x)$ and $C(x)$, find $V(x)$ ...
3
votes
1
answer
371
views
A possible error in Villani's monograph "Hypocoercivity"
I think there is an (possible) error in Villani's monograph titled "Hypocoercivity". To be specific, in page 48, he wrote "For the second term in (6.9), we use the identity $$\nabla\...
3
votes
1
answer
139
views
wave equation with vanishing trace at infinity
Let $\Omega$ be a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$. Consider the boundary value problem
\begin{equation}\label{pf0}
\begin{aligned}
\begin{cases}
\Box u+qu=0\,\quad &\text{on $(0,\infty)\times \...
3
votes
1
answer
784
views
Aleksandrov maximum principle for semi-convex function
Definition. Let $u:\Omega \rightarrow \mathbb{R} $. A function $u$ is called semiconvex if $u=v+w$ for some $v\in C^{1,1}(\Omega)$ and a convex function $w$.
Note. Saying that $u$ is semiconvex is ...
3
votes
1
answer
129
views
Smoothing-Strichartz estimates for the heat-Schrodinger evolution
Consider the heat-Schrodinger evolution $e^{(1+i)t\Delta}$, $t\geq 0$. For simplicity, suppose to work in dimension three. Due to the Strichartz estimates for the Schrodinger equation, and the ...
3
votes
1
answer
695
views
Continuous extension of functions
Let $\Omega$ be a bounded open set in $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $f \in W^{1,p} (\partial \Omega)$. Can $f$ be extended to a function $u \in W^{1,p}(\Omega)$ such that $u|_{\partial \Omega}=f$ and
$$\lVert u\...
3
votes
1
answer
581
views
Simplicity of the first Laplace-Beltrami eigenvalue on Riemannian manifolds
On a compact Riemannian manifold $M$ (we assume Dirichlet boundary condition if $\partial M \neq \emptyset$), the Laplace-Beltrami operator $-\Delta$ has a discrete spectrum $0 < \lambda_1 \leq \...
3
votes
1
answer
204
views
Eigenvalue estimates for operator perturbations
I edited the question to a general mathematical question, since I found the answer in Carlo Beenakker's reference and think that my initial question was mathematically misleading.
What was behind ...
3
votes
1
answer
245
views
Interpretation of the Schouten bracket as an integrability condition
The Schouten bracket is an extension of the Lie bracket to multivector fields. Given a multivector field $\Lambda$ the vanishing of the Schouten bracket $[\Lambda,\Lambda]=0$ is referred to as a sort ...
3
votes
1
answer
353
views
Asymptotic expansion of heat operator $e^{-\Delta{t}}$ and $e^{-\mathcal{D}t}$ of Dirac operator
For a closed Riemannian manifold $M$ of $n$-dimension, we consider the Laplace-Beltrami operator $\Delta$.
It is known that we have an asymptotic expansion for the trace of heat operator $e^{-\Delta{...
3
votes
1
answer
316
views
On the Calabi-Yau conjecture for minimal surfaces
Colding and Minicozzi proved that any embedded minimal surface in $\mathbb{R}^3$ with finite topology must be proper and thus it can not be bounded.
Is it possible to remove the assumption "finite ...
3
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality for bounded domain
For concreteness let's assume that $u\in W^{1,2}(\Bbb R^2).$ It is well known that
$$
\|u\|_4\le C \|u\|_2^{\frac 12} \|\nabla u\|_2^{\frac 12}.
$$
This is also true if $u\in W^{1,2}_0(\Omega)$ for a ...