I believe this result is due to Stewart, but I haven't been able to track it down: let $A$ have full column rank and let $B = A + E$ where $P_{A} E = 0$. Then $$ \|(I - P_B)P_A\|^2_2 = 1 - \lambda_{\text{min}}(A(B^TB)^{-1} A^T) $$
Any idea where it's stated? And any extensions?

