# Application of Catalan number [closed]

Hi guys just a quick questions What are the real life application of catalan numbers? Thanks a lot!

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## closed as off topic by Gjergji Zaimi, Angelo, Felipe Voloch, Igor Rivin, Bruce WestburyMay 15 '12 at 16:37

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They are useful when you go shopping in Catalonia. I voted to close. –  Angelo May 15 '12 at 14:24
I voted to close, but am now about to give an answer. I don't know how to retract a close vote... –  Igor Rivin May 15 '12 at 15:12
The faq explains how such questions are not appropriate for mathoverflow. There are other fora where you will have better luck. –  Gjergji Zaimi May 15 '12 at 15:17
Sorry I admit forgetting to check the FAQ I'll be sure to check it next time then Thanks for the help anw –  user23731 May 15 '12 at 15:49

In all seriousness, this type of enumerative combinatorics is very useful e.g. in figuring out expected running time for computer programs. An example involving Catalan numbers (which may seem a little contrived, but I think things like this probably do really come up) is: count how many times you go through the inner loop, i.e. how many times you print "hello world", in:

for $i_1=0$ to $1$

for $i_2=i_1$ to $2$

for $i_3=i_2$ to $3$

...

for $i_n = i_{n-1}$ to $n$

print "hello world"

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Thank you for this answer! –  user23731 May 15 '12 at 15:48
You're welcome. I wonder about these things too. –  Patricia Hersh May 17 '12 at 21:25

This is discussed at great length in:

"Catalan numbers with applications" by Thomas Koshy. The main application seems to be to make money for the publisher (the book is insanely expensive), but google books has extracts.

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