A positive answer was given in the paper "Sets, Classes, and Categories" by F.A.Muller (British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 52 (2001) 539-573)
also available online where an extension (named ARC) of Ackermann set theory was suggested, and the author stated in the abstract of the paper that:
ARC "founds Cantorian set-theory as well as category-theory and therefore can pass as a founding theory of the whole of mathematics".
Can someone motivate a negative answer?

