# Ampleness of a kind of line bundle

Let $X$ be a smooth projective manifold, $L$ is a holomorphic vector bundle over $X$ such that $mL$ ($m$ is some positive integer) is base point free. If $\iota\_m$ is the map into the projective space associated to the complete system and each fiber of this map has dimension zero. Then $L$ is ample.

I see this statement when reading a paper. It seems well-known. I'm afraid that it may be very easy but I can't prove it myself.

-

This is indeed rather standard (where I assume that you mean that $L$ is a line bundle). It follows from the following general facts:

1. Let $m$ be a positive integer. Then a line bundle $L$ is ample if and only if $mL$ is ample.

2. Let $X$ be a proper (e.g. a projective) scheme over a field $k$ (or in fact over any base scheme $S$), let $P$ be a separated scheme over $k$ (e.g., $P$ a projective space), and let $i: X \to P$ be a morphism of $k$-schemes with finite fibers. Then $i$ is finite (and in particular affine).

3. Let $f: X \to Y$ be an affine (or even quasi-affine) morphism of schemes of finite type over a field (or over any base scheme) and let $M$ be an ample line bundle on $Y$. Then $f^*M$ is ample.

Thus in your case it suffices to show that $mL$ is ample by Fact 1. Because of Fact 2, the morphism $i_m$ is finite and hence affine. By definition $mL$ is the pullback of the ample line bundle $O(1)$ via $i_m$. Therefore $mL$ is ample be Fact 3.

Facts 1 - 3 should be found in most of the text books on Algebraic Geometry. Fact 1 and Fact 3 are basic and not too difficult facts on ample line bundles. Fact 2 follows from Zariski's main theorem.

-
I learn algebraic geometry in analytic way.Fact 3 is the thing I missed.In fact before I ask the question, I expected somtheing like Fact 3 to be valid.But I failed to find similar statements in my textbook.Thank you for the clear exposition. –  Jun Li Sep 1 '11 at 6:35
Fact 3 is in fact not very hard to prove: Using the Leray spectral sequence and the projection formula we have $H^i(X,(f^*M)^n \otimes F)=H^i(P,M^n\otimes f_*M)$. –  J.C. Ottem Sep 1 '11 at 12:44
Thank you for the proof of Fact 3.I'm learning something about spectral sequence right now.Its a great pleasure to hear of an application. –  Jun Li Sep 1 '11 at 14:46
Note that Ottem's way to prove Fact 3 uses Serre's cohomological characterization of ampleness which works only if X and Y are proper over a field (or in fact over any noetherian ring). This is of course the case in your original question. The more general version I stated is maybe slightly less standard than I claimed. Its proof can be found in the Section on ample line bundles in EGA2 or - and I can't resist to give this reference - in my book with Görtz, Prop. 13.83. –  Torsten Wedhorn Sep 1 '11 at 16:54