# Two-cardinal models of the random graph

For a first-order theory $T$ and cardinals $\kappa < \lambda$, we say that $M$ is a $(\kappa,\lambda)$-model if it is of size $\lambda$ and has a definable (with parameters) subset of size $\kappa$.

1) Let $T$ be the theory of the countable random graph. Which $(\kappa,\lambda)$-models does it admit?

2) For an arbitrary $T$, what are the sufficient conditions for the existence of $(\kappa,\lambda)$ models for some $\kappa < \lambda$? This is not a question about transfer from some $(\kappa,\lambda)$ to a different $(\kappa',\lambda')$, there are quite a few theorems there. What I am asking for is some kind of a non-structure theorem, (apart from having a Vaughtian pair).

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The main result of the paper is the following theorem: If G is the Rado graph or the generic $K_{n}$-free graph, and $\kappa \leq \lambda$ are infinite cardinals, then the following are equivalent: (1) $\lambda \leq 2^{\kappa}$; (2) there is a graph $G^{\prime}$ elementarily equivalent to G of cardinality λ and a vertex $v\in V(G^{\prime})$ for which |Δ(v)|=κ; (3) there is a graph $G^{\prime}$ elementarily equivalent to G of cardinality λ and a vertex $v\in V(G^{\prime})$ for which |Δ′(v)|=κ. (Here Δ(v) is the set of neighbors of v in G∗, and Δ′(v) is its complement.)