injectivity is a local property over noetherian rings [closed]

Let $R$ be a commutative noetherian ring, and let $M$ be an $R$-module. How I can show that if any localization $M_p$ at a prime ideal $p$ of the ring $R$ is injective over $R_p$, then $M$ is injective?

-

closed as off topic by Steven Landsburg, Benjamin Steinberg, Steven Sam, Emil Jeřábek, quidMar 6 '13 at 12:54

Questions on MathOverflow are expected to relate to research level mathematics within the scope defined by the community. Consider editing the question or leaving comments for improvement if you believe the question can be reworded to fit within the scope. Read more about reopening questions here.If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.

@sasha: This is an interesting question, but quite elementary and not a research level question. See also the FAQ of mathoverflow. Therefore this question will be closed. Note that you can ask these questions on math.stackexchange.com. – Martin Brandenburg Mar 4 '13 at 21:10
It's not research, but I disagree it's quite elementary. There are a number of components to Paul's proof below that are not completely obvious, IMO. – Todd Trimble Mar 4 '13 at 21:18
Please do not only ready 'faq' but perhaps even more importantly 'how to ask'. Questions should provide (personal) motivation ("why do you want to know this?") for the question. The (repeated) lack of this in your questions contributed considerably to me casting the final vote to close on this one. – quid Mar 6 '13 at 13:01

Let $A \to B$ be an injection of $R$-modules. We want to show that $\mathrm{Hom}(B,M) \to \mathrm{Hom}(A,M)$ is surjective. It suffices to check this locally (since localization is an exact functor and the cokernel of the map is zero iff it's zero locally). So let $p$ be a prime, and consider the localized map $\mathrm{Hom}_R(B,M) \otimes R_p \to \mathrm{Hom}_R(A,M) \otimes R_p$. Now, for $B$ and $A$ finitely presented over $R$, this is $\mathrm{Hom}_{R_p}(B_p,M_p) \to \mathrm{Hom}_{R_p}(A_p,M_p)$. Again, localization is exact so $A_p \to B_p$ is injective, and $M_p$ is injective by hypothesis, so this map is surjective.
What's left is to show that we only need to check injectivity against maps of finitely presented $R$-modules; since $R$ is noetherian, 'finitely presented' is equivalent to 'finitely generated.' In fact, there's a thing called Baer's injectivity criterion that says you only have to check injectivity against inclusions $I \to R$ for $I$ an ideal! So we're done.