Question

This question arose from sums over zeros of Dedekind zeta function.

It is known that complex zeros of Dedekind zeta function are in pairs $\rho, 1 - \rho$.

Is it true that potential complex zeros not on the critical line of Dedekind zeta function must be in quadruples $\rho, 1 - \rho, \overline{\rho}, \overline{1 - \rho}$ ?

I am interested in the general case, not for specific number fields (or for number fields for which the answer is "no").

Answer 1

The functional equation tells you that if $\rho$ is a zero, so is $1-\rho$. On the other hand, since the Dirichlet series coefficients are real, we have that for $\text{Re}(s)>1$, $\zeta(\bar{s})=\overline{\zeta(s)}$. By analytic continuation this holds for all $s\ne 1$. So if $\rho$ is a complex zero off the critical line, so is $\bar{\rho}$. This works for any Dirichlet series with functional equation and real coefficients, i.e. real quadratic character, elliptic curve,...