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Let $F^\bullet : \mathcal{A} \to \mathcal{B}$ be a cohomological delta-functor which vanishes in degree strictly greater than $d$. Thus, $F^{d-\bullet}$ is a homological delta-functor.

Now assume that $F^n$ is effaceable (by injectives) for all $n \geq 1$, so that $F^\bullet$ is a universal delta-functor.

Then what can be said about $F^{d-\bullet}$ ? Is it coeffaceable (even if $\mathcal{A}$ does not necessarily have enough projectives) ? Is it universal ?

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I don't think $F^{d-\bullet}$ will often be universal, even when $\mathcal{A}$ does have enough projectives.

Let $A$ be any ring with finite global dimension that is not hereditary, so that there is an ideal $I$ with $0<\operatorname{projdim}(I)<\infty$, and let $d=\operatorname{projdim}(I)$. Let $\mathcal{A}$ be the category of $A$-modules, and $F^0=\operatorname{Hom}_A(I,-)$ , so that $F^d=\operatorname{Ext}_A^d(I,-)\neq0$.

If $F^{d-\bullet}$ were universal, then $F^0$ would be the $d$-th left derived functor of $F^d$. But it can't be, since it doesn't vanish on projective modules.

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