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I have the following question. I guess it's quite simple for experts. Unfortunately, I could not come up with an answer yet.

Let $X$ be a Banach space which contains no copy of $c_0$. Does it impply that $X''$ (the bidual of $X$) contains no copy of $c_0$?

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1 Answer 1

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No. For complicated and important examples, consider any $\mathcal{L}_\infty$ space that does not contain a subspace isomorphic to $c_0$. The first such examples were constructed by Bourgain and Delbaen in the early 1980s. Some had their duals isomorphic to $\ell_1$. The constructions there were subsequently used by Argyros and Haydon to produce a space $X$ s.t. $X^*$ is isomorphic to $\ell_1$ but every operator on $X$ is of the form $\lambda I +K$ with $K$ compact. Since then much more has been done.

For a simple example, consider $(\sum_{n=1}^\infty \ell_\infty^n)_1$. This space obviously does not contain a copy of $c_0$, and it is just an exercise to to point this prove that its dual contains a norm one complemented subspace isometric to $\ell_1$. Charles Stegall was the first to point this out. I think the right reference is lemma 1 in:

Stegall, C. Banach spaces whose duals contain l1(Γ) with applications to the study of dual L1(μ) spaces. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 176 (1973), 463–477.

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