For a simply connected simplicial complex, a theorem of Whitehead (Derived categories for the working mathematician, bottom of page 2) explains that the associated chain complexes with coefficients in $\mathbb{Z}$ $$K \textrm{ : } \rightarrow C_n(X) \rightarrow C_{n-1}(X) \cdots $$ contains more information than the singular homology/cohomology groups (two such simplicial complexes are homotopic iff there is a certain relation between their associated chain complexes involving the chain complex of another simplicial complex).
Question: Let $X$ be a compact simplicial complex. Can one recover the torsion in $H^i(X, \mathbb{Z})$ from knowing the complex of simplicial chains (with $\mathbb{Q}$-coefficents)? Is there a procedure to do this?