Which Bianchi identity is due to Bianchi (or not, since it might be due to Ricci (according to Levi-Civita (according to MO))) or vice versa? - MathOverflow most recent 30 from http://mathoverflow.net 2013-06-19T00:03:07Z http://mathoverflow.net/feeds/question/39676 http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/rdf http://mathoverflow.net/questions/39676/which-bianchi-identity-is-due-to-bianchi-or-not-since-it-might-be-due-to-ricci Which Bianchi identity is due to Bianchi (or not, since it might be due to Ricci (according to Levi-Civita (according to MO))) or vice versa? Martin Gisser 2010-09-23T02:06:00Z 2010-12-12T08:07:45Z <p>wikipedia doesn't say, nor my Berger Panorama book (but I might google Levi-Civita to get rid of one level of brackets) and the library is far (actually not, but it has German Schließungszeiten and I got no key). (I guess the differential Bianchi identity is not due to Bianchi? So who did which?)</p> <p>To clarify on the "vice versa": according to my Swiss cheese memory, there might be something completely different actually due to Bianchi. Some book was telling this quite nice...</p> <p>Said MO answer is <a href="http://mathoverflow.net/questions/24132/what-are-examples-of-mathematical-concepts-named-after-the-wrong-people-stigler/24154#24154" rel="nofollow">here</a></p> http://mathoverflow.net/questions/39676/which-bianchi-identity-is-due-to-bianchi-or-not-since-it-might-be-due-to-ricci/42373#42373 Answer by Cristi Stoica for Which Bianchi identity is due to Bianchi (or not, since it might be due to Ricci (according to Levi-Civita (according to MO))) or vice versa? Cristi Stoica 2010-10-16T08:06:43Z 2010-10-16T08:06:43Z <p>Wikipedia saids that the algebraic one at least is due to Ricci:</p> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curvature_of_Riemannian_manifolds#Symmetries_and_identities" rel="nofollow">Curvature of Riemannian manifolds - Symmetries and identities</a></p> http://mathoverflow.net/questions/39676/which-bianchi-identity-is-due-to-bianchi-or-not-since-it-might-be-due-to-ricci/42379#42379 Answer by Kallikanzarid for Which Bianchi identity is due to Bianchi (or not, since it might be due to Ricci (according to Levi-Civita (according to MO))) or vice versa? Kallikanzarid 2010-10-16T10:01:26Z 2010-10-16T10:01:26Z <p>The first one is due to Ricci, and the second one is due to Bianchi.</p> http://mathoverflow.net/questions/39676/which-bianchi-identity-is-due-to-bianchi-or-not-since-it-might-be-due-to-ricci/49046#49046 Answer by Andrey Rekalo for Which Bianchi identity is due to Bianchi (or not, since it might be due to Ricci (according to Levi-Civita (according to MO))) or vice versa? Andrey Rekalo 2010-12-11T14:03:17Z 2010-12-12T08:07:45Z <p>L.P. Eisenhart claims in his <a href="http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=u9ukzVYtoNgC&amp;pg=PA293&amp;dq=Riemannian+geometry,+1926+eisenhart&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=4oADTcryFMH54gao7LmJCg&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=2&amp;ved=0CC4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=Riemannian%2520geometry%252C%25201926%2520eisenhart&amp;f=false" rel="nofollow"><em>Riemannian Geometry</em></a> (Princeton University Press, 1926, p. 82) that Bianchi was the first who discovered the algebraic identity in 1902.</p> <p>It is also indicated in <a href="http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fl0gL50heXcC&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;dq=Italian+Mathematics+Between+the+Two+World+Wars&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=v74L--MPC-&amp;sig=lCF69YFPI4mZEq8hIbqVn3xPaAU&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=44IDTauDOKWT4gbkmOyECg&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=1&amp;ved=0CCAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false" rel="nofollow"><em>Italian Mathematics Between the Two World Wars</em></a> by Guerraggio and Nastasi (Birkhäuser Verlag, 2006, p. 15) that Bianchi obtained both of the identities which were published in his paper "Sui simboli di Riemann a quattro indici e sulla curvatura di Riemann", <em>Rend. Acc. Lincei</em>, 11 (1902), pp. 3–7.</p>