I strongly believe this question is homework, but here is a sketch of the argument: By precomposing with $w_1^{-1}$ we can assume that one of the permutations is the identity and the second ($w_2$) is a derangement. Now, decompose $w_2$ into cycles; without loss of generality, the cycles are of the form $(1, \dots, n_1), (n_1+1, \dots, n_2), \dots),$ Now one needs to compute the determinant of a sum of a diagonal matrix $D_1$ and a cyclic permutation of a diagonal matrix. It is easy to see that this is the sum or the difference of the determinants (compute the eigenvectors, then multiply the corresponding eigenvalues). Now the assertion follows easily.
EDIT I am adding the edit because it occurred to me that the question is slightly more subtle than is apparent at first glance.
As indicated, normalize so that the first permutation is the identity, and then try to find an eigenvector $v$ for eigenvalue $\lambda.$ In each coordinate we have:
$$a_i v_i + b_i v_{\sigma(i)} = \lambda v_i,$$ so we have
$$\frac{\lambda-a_i}{b_i} = \frac{v_{\sigma_i}}{v_i}.$$
Multiplying the left hand sides and the right hand sides over all $i,$ and using the fact that $\sigma$ is a permutation, we get.
$$\prod_i(\lambda-a_i) = \prod_i b_i,$$ so $\lambda$ satisfies an equation of degree $n$ whose constant term is $\prod_i b_i + (-1)^{n+1} \prod a_i,$ and the two products are exactly the determinants of the two matrices.
All good, BUT a sharp-eyed reader will have noted that we have divided by $v_i,$ which could well be zero. It can't be if $\sigma$ is transitive (so, a cycle), since then $v_{\sigma(i)}$ will be zero, and our alleged eigenvector is the zero vector, which is not possible, but it can be if $\sigma$ is not transitive, and indeed, if two of the cycles happen to have the same eigenvalue, we can combine the eigenvectors, filling in by zeros for the other cycles (actually, we can just take ONE cycle and its eigenvalue/eigenvector and fill in by zeros elsewhere). So the upshot is that the answer to the OP's original question is YES if $\sigma$ is a cycle, but NO in general without further hypotheses on the $a_i, b_i.$